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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 1 month ago
The two laws of reflection are:
(i) the incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal (at the point of incidence), all lie in the same plane.
(ii) the angle of reflection (<i>r</i>) is always equal to the angle of incidence (<i>i</i>)
∠<i>r</i> = ∠<i>i</i>
Snell’s law of refraction,
Posted by Darshan Kumar 5 years, 1 month ago
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A neutralisation reaction is a chemical reaction between an acid and base dissolved in water.
For example.
KOH(aq)+HNO3(aq)→KNO3(aq)+H2O(aq)
It is called neutralisation as both KNO3KNO3 (salt) and H2OH2O that are formed as the products, are of neutral nature.
Posted by Ishan Hoshing. 5 years, 1 month ago
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 1 month ago
- Ions bound together by electrostatic attraction form ionic crystals. Their arrangement varies depending on the ions’ sizes or the radius ratio (the ratio of the radii of the positive to the negative ion). A simple cubic crystal lattice has ions equally spaced in 3D at 90° angles.
- Stability of ionic solids depends on lattice energy, which is released in the form of heat when two ions are brought together to form a solid. Lattice energy is the sum of all the interactions within the crystal.
- The properties of ionic crystals reflect the strong interactions that exist between the ions. They are very poor conductors of electricity, have strong absorption of infrared radiation, and are easily cleaved. These solids tend to be quite hard and have high melting points.
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Posted by Joel Joji 5 years, 1 month ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 1 month ago
The basic difference between metals and non-metals is the extent of bonding.Metals have very high extent of bonding than that in non-metals which makes the metal malleable. and non-metals brittle.
Posted by Smit Charde 5 years, 1 month ago
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Sukhdev Singh 5 years, 1 month ago
Yogita Ingle 5 years, 1 month ago
The sunlight that reaches the earth’s atmosphere is scattered in all directions by the gases and dust particles present in the atmosphere. The blue colour is scattered more and hence the sky appears blue. The reason for more scattering of blue colour is that the wavelength of the blue light is shorter than the other light. So blue light is scattered in all directions by the tiny molecules of air in Earth’s atmosphere. This the reason for the blue appearance of the sky.
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 1 month ago
Linear magnification (m) has no unit since it is the ratio of the height of the image to the height of the object. Magnification produced by a spherical mirror gives the relative extent to which the image of an object is magnified with respect to the object.
m
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 1 month ago
Plasmid refers to the separated DNA molecule from chromosomal DNA, which has the ability to replicate on its own. Plasmids are known to be small, circular molecules of DNA that have the ability to replicate independently, as they do not depend on the organism's chromosomal DNA for replication.
Posted by Parth Kesarwani 5 years, 1 month ago
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The liver is located in the upper right portion of the abdomen. It is the largest gland in the human body that performs several important functions. It is the only organ that has the ability to regenerate efficiently.
Posted by Joel Joji 5 years, 1 month ago
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 1 month ago
The most common chloralkali process involves the electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride (a brine) in a membrane cell. A membrane, such as one made from Nafion, Flemion or Aciplex, is used to prevent the reaction between the chlorine and hydroxide ions. The chlor-alkali electrolysis process is used in the manufacture of chlorine, hydrogen, and sodium hydroxide (caustic) solution. Of these 3, the primary product is chlorine. Chlorine is 1 of the more abundant chemicals produced by industry and has a wide variety of industrial uses.
Posted by Joel Joji 5 years, 1 month ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 1 month ago
The reaction of calcium with water is less violent. So, the heat released is not sufficient for the hydrogen to catch fire. Calcium starts floating because the bubbles of hydrogen gas which are formed during the reaction stick to the surface of the metal and hence calcium floats on water.
Posted by Vishal Rathor 5 years, 1 month ago
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 1 month ago
The response system of our body empowers the pancreas to recognise the blood sugar level in our body and in view of that discharge the hormone appropriate for the situation. In the specified situation, when the blood sugar level drops, the pancreas identifies the reduction in blood sugar level and therefore reduces the level of insulin to permit the level of sugar upsurge in the blood.
Posted by Puneeth M 5 years, 1 month ago
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 1 month ago
The major organs of respiratory system in human beings are: (i) Nose (ii) Nasal Passage (iii) Trachea (iv) Bronchi (v) Lungs and (vi) diaphragm.
In human beings, air is taken into the body through the nostrils, is filtered by fine hairs that line the passage. When air passes through the nasal passage, the dust particles and other impurities present in it are trapped by nasal hair and mucus so that clean air goes into the lungs. From here, the air passes through the throat and into the lungs. Trachea does not collapse even when there is no air in it because it is supported by rings of soft bones called cartilage.
Within the lungs, the passage divides into smaller and smaller tubes which finally terminate in balloon-like structures which are called alveoli. The alveoli provide a surface where the exchange of gases can take place. The walls of the alveoli contain an extensive network of blood-vessels. When we breathe in, the ribs are lift up and the diaphragm flattens which increases the size of the chest cavity. Because of this, air is sucked into the lungs and fills the expanded alveoli. The blood brings carbon dioxide from the rest of the body for release into the alveoli, and the oxygen in the alveolar air is taken up by blood in the alveolar blood vessels to be transported to all the cells in the body. During the breathing cycle, when air is taken in and let out, the lungs always contain a residual volume of air so that there is sufficient time for oxygen to be absorbed and for the carbon dioxide to be released.
Posted by Joel Joji 5 years, 1 month ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 1 month ago
Organic acids are the naturally occuring acids found in fruits and vegetables. For ex: Lactic acid.
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- Blood vessels are the tube like structures which carry the blood through cells, tissues and organs.
- Two types of blood vessels are arteries and veins which are connected to the heart for transporting blood.
- Arteries –
- Carry blood rich in oxygen from the heart to all the cells of the body.
- The pressure exerted by the arteries while blood leave heart is rapid and thus wall walls of arteries are thick.
- Veins –
- Veins carry blood rich in carbon di oxide from all the cells of the body to the heart.
- The pressure exerted by the walls of the veins is less and have thin walls.
- Valves present in the veins ensure that the blood flows only towards the heart.
Posted by Chetan Agarwal 5 years, 1 month ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 1 month ago
Nutrition is the process of obtaining food by the organism and digesting the complex nutrients in the food. In respiration, the energy present in the food (taken in through nutrition) is released and used to carry out the bodily processes.
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Physical Properties of Metals
Some physical properties of metals are listed below.
- Shiny (lustrous) in nature
- Metal is a good conductor of electricity and heat
- Density and melting point is high
- Mouldable (Malleable)
- Ductile
- At room temperature, it is in solid form except for mercury
- Opaque
Chemical Properties of Metals
Some chemical properties of metals are listed below.
- Easily corrodible
- Can lose electrons
- Form basic oxides
- Have low electronegativities
- Good reducing agents
Physical Properties of Non-metals
Some physical properties of non-metals are listed below.
- Poor conductors of electricity and heat
- Non-Ductile metals
- Brittle solids
- Maybe solids, liquids or gases at room temperature
- These are not sonorous
- Transparent
Chemical Properties of Non-metals
Some chemical properties of non-metals are listed below.
- The number of electrons in the outer shell is generally 4-8
- Easily gain or lose valence electrons
- Form acidic oxides whenever they come in contact with oxygen
- High electronegative elements
- Great oxidizing agents
Posted by Sandeep Pal 5 years, 1 month ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 1 month ago
| 1 | Definition | Voltage, also called electromotive force is simply the energy per unit charge. In other words, voltage is the difference in electric potential between two points. | Current is just the rate of flow of electric charge. In simple words, the current is the rate at which electric charge flows in a circuit at a particular point. |
| 2 | Unit | The SI unit of voltage is Volts (V).
Note: 1 Volt= 1 Joule/coulomb. |
The SI unit of current is Ampere (A).
Note: 1 Ampere = 1 coulomb/second. |
| 3 | Denotation | Voltage is denoted by “V”. | Current is denoted by “I”. |
| 4 | Measuring Instrument | Voltage can be measured by using a Voltmeter. | Current can be measured by using an Ammeter. |
| 5 | Inter-relation | Voltage is the cause of the current. | Current is the effect of the voltage i.e. current cannot flow without voltage. |
| 6 | Formula | One of the formulas to calculate voltage is:
V= Work done/Charge |
One of the formulas to calculate current is:
I= Charge/ Time |
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