Hitler acquired quick successes too in foreign policy.
(i) He pulled out of the League of Nations in 1933, reoccupied the Rhineland in 1936, and integrated Austria and Germany in 1938 under the slogan, One people, One empire, and One leader.
(ii) He then went on to wrest Germanspeaking Sudentenland from Czechoslovakia, and gobbled up the entire country.
(iii )In all of this he had the unspoken support of England, which had considered the Versailles verdict too harsh. These quick successes at home and abroad seemed to reverse the destiny of the country.

Coral polyps are short-lived microscopic organisms, which live in colonies.They flourish in shallow mud free and warm waters.They secrete calcium carbonate.The Coral secretion and their skeletons from Coral deposits in the form of reefs: they are mainly of three kinds: barrier reef, fringing reef and atols.Lakshadweep group of islands is composed of small Coral  islands.

Constitution specifies how government will be costituted and who will have power to take which decision.

Constitution limits the power of the government and tells the rights of the citizens.

It expresses the aspirations of the people about creating a good society.

South Africans call themselves a 'rainbow nation'. Because there are Whites, Black, Coloured people and Indians in South Africa who have different skin colours.The party that ruled through oppression and brutal killings and the party that led the freedom struggle sat together to draw up a common Constitution.After two years of discussion and debate they came out with one of the finest Constitutions the world has ever had.

After the Revolution of 1789 in France, censorship abolished. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen proclaimed freedom of speech and expression to be a natural right. Newspapers, pamphlets, books and printed pictures flooded the towns of France from where they travelled rapidly into the countryside. They all described and discussed the events and changes taking place in France.
Plays, songs and festive processions attracted large numbers of people and helped in grasping and identify with ideas such as liberty or justice that political philosophers wrote about at length in texts which only a handful of educated people could read.

1. People face various difficulties in a non-democratic country as we have seen in case of Chile, Myanmar, Ghana, Pakistan, Poland, Nepal etc. 
2. In non-democratic countries, the people have no security of life. For example, in Chile thousands of people were killed by military rulers. 
3. People are not free to express their opinions. Criticizing the government or rulers in a nondemocratic country would lead to severe punishments. 
4. There is no freedom for the people either to elect their government or to be elected. Even if they find any government or ruler not to their benefit or well-being, they cannot change it since there is no election. 
5. In non-democratic countries no opposition parties or opposition leader is tolerated. As we have seen in Poland during the regime of a non-democratic government, the workers are not allowed to form their independent Trade Unions. Only such unions can survive which rightly or wrongly support the policies of the government. 
6. In absence of a democratic government there is no socio-economic equality. Societies in such countries remain divided among privileged and non-privileged classes which result in corruption in every department of the government. Ordinary people cannot aspire for any post. People are always at the mercy of the autocratic ruler or the dictator.

• Liberals wanted a nation which tolerated all religions.
• They also opposed the uncontrolled power of dynastic rulers.
• They wanted to safeguard the rights of individuals against governments.
• They argued for a representative, elected parliamentary government, subject to laws interpreted by a well-trained judiciary that was independent of rulers and officials.
• However, they did not believe in universal adult franchise. They felt men who own property mainly should have the vote. They also did not want the vote for women.

  (i) Socialists were against private property. They saw it as the root of all social evils.
(ii) Socialists favoured society as a whole rather than single individually owned property, more attention would be  paid to collective social interests.
(iii) Marx said that in capitalism, factories were owned by the capitalists and the profit of capitalists was produced by workers.
(iv) But the workers had to overthrow capitalism and the rule of private property.
(v) Marx suggested that to free themselves from the capitalist exploitation, the workers had to the construct a radically socialist society. In a socialist society, all property was socially controlled.
(vi) Marx believed that workers would triumph in their conflict with capitalists and there should be 'dictatorship of the proletariat'.
This communist society is the natural society of the future. To coordinate their efforts, Socialists formed the international body, viz, the 'Second International.'

The Russian Revolution had a great global impact. It had an impact on many things such as, communism, Socialism, democracy, economy, imperialism, nationalism, and most importantly the division of the world. First of all, Russia was the first country to establish a communist government, and communism spread throughout the world. This means that the Russian Revolution ended the monarchy in Russia. Also, the revolution took out Russia from World War 1. The Soviet Union was created due to the Russian Revolution, since Russia was composed of many different nationalities. When it comes to the revolution’s impact on economy, it industrialized the organization of the economy with five-year plans. These five-years plans were the goals of Joseph Stalin to improve the conditions of the people, the general secretary of the Communist Party of the former Soviet Union. The world was made up of capitalists and socialists. The Russian Revolution united the socialists against the capitalists. Finally, the Russian Revolution stopped imperialism, and was the first country to support the idea of each country being independent.

The social  and political conditions in Russia, before 1905 was quite backward.
Social inequality was very prominent among the working class. Workers were divided on the basis of their occupation. Workers whose jobs needed skill and training considered themselves on a higher plane than the untrained worker. Workers had strong links to the villages they came from and this also caused a social divide among workers.
Compared to other European nations, Russia was politically backward, during the thirteenth century. All political parties were illegal in Russia before 1914. The Russian peasants formed the Socialist Revolutionary Party in 1900, but as they were not a united group they were not considered to be part of a socialist movement.