The revolutionary government in the early years introduced several laws to improve the condition of women in France: 
(i) State schools were created and schooling was made compulsory for all girls. 
(ii) Women could no longer be forced to marry against their wishes. 
(iii) Marriage was made into a contract, entered into freely and registered under civil law.
(iv) Divorce was made legal and could be applied for by both women and men. 
(v) Women could now train for jobs, could become artists or run small businesses.

The revolutionary government in the early years introduced several laws to improve the condition of women in France: 
(i) State schools were created and schooling was made compulsory for all girls. 
(ii) Women could no longer be forced to marry against their wishes. 
(iii) Marriage was made into a contract, entered into freely and registered under civil law.
(iv) Divorce was made legal and could be applied for by both women and men. 
(v) Women could now train for jobs, could become artists or run small businesses.

Constitution of 1791, French constitution created by the National Assembly during the French Revolution. It retained the monarchy, but sovereignty effectively resided in the Legislative Assembly, which was elected by a system of indirect voting. The political system of France consists of an executive branch, a legislative branch, and a judicial branch. Executive power is exercised by the President of the Republic and the Government. ... The Prime Minister is appointed by the President, and is responsible to Parliament.

The main features of the Constitution of 1791 were

1. France became a constitutional monarchy. The king's powers were restricted and he came under the supervision of the National Assembly.
2. Feudalism was abolished.
3. Land owned by the church was confiscated and the church lost the power to impose taxes.
4. Separation of power was introduced. Power was divided between the legislature, executive and judiciary.
5. Members of the National Assembly were to be chosen through indirect elections.

The village palampur is a hypothetical village because it have all the basic facilities and it is developing day by day.
It has two primary schools and one private school, one privaye and one public health centers, well developed system of transport and electricity. There are 450 families living in the village Palampur and maximum are dependent upon farmimg.

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen of 1789 by Jean-Jacques-François Le Barbier. The Declaration is included in the preamble of the constitutions of both the Fourth French Republic (1946) and Fifth Republic (1958) and is still current.  The basic principle of the Declaration was that all “men are born and remain free and equal in rights” (Article 1), which were specified as the rights of liberty, private property, the inviolability of the person, and resistance to oppression (Article 2).

Houses in Assam are built on stilts because Assam receives abundant rainfall due to which there are chance of floods.In case of floods, water might get into the houses if the houses are built on ground level so in order to avoid flooding of house, houses are built on stilts as stilts are above the ground level, they prevent the houses from being flooded.

The houses in Tarai region, Goa and Mangalore have sloping roofs because these regions receive heavy rainfall. Therefore, when the houses have sloping roofs, it helps them to get rid of the collected rainwater which flows down from the roof to the ground. 

The climate of Rajasthan is generally arid or semi-arid and features fairly hot temperature in summers and extreme cold during winters due to the quick cooling effect of sand.

The region also experiences dust storms as rainfall is very scanty. Here the thick walls of the houses insulate the people against the heat in the summer and extreme cold in winter due to the desert. As there is not much rainfall, thus flat roofs are constructed, so that water collects on the roof tops and can be stored for future use.

Constitution: A constitution is a legislative that is formed in a state or a country in order to maintain rules and regulations for smoother running and keeping peace and order for success and growth.

Functions:

It divides the power between the federal government and the state.
It creates a legislative for the national government.
It establishes a check and balance between among the national government, executive and judiciary branch.

Features of Democracy :

a) Major decisions by Elected Leaders : In a democratic government the major decisions are taken by the leaders who are elected by the people of that country. These elected leaders represent the whole country so in this way the need of all people are satisfied.

b) Free and Fair Electoral Competition : A democracy is based on a free and fair election where does currently in power have a fair chance of losing.

c) One Person, One Vote , One Value : In a democratic country each and every adult is provided a single word which is having equal value. It means each what must have one value then that of other.

d) Rule of Law and Respect of Rights : In democracy a country can be rule only within limits set by constitutional law and citizens' rights.

The causes of the 1905 Revolution were:

• Campaign by liberals to bring the Tsar under the parliament
• Steep rise in prices of essential goods in 1904
• Increase in membership of worker’s associations
• Dismissal of four workers followed by a massive strike in which 110,000 workers participated demanding improvement in working conditions
• Attack by police upon the procession of workers led by Father Gapon resulting in 100 deaths known as Bloody Sunday
• The events of the 1905 Revolution were:
• Strikes all over the country accompanied by closure of universities
• Establishment of Union of Unions by lawyers, doctors, engineers and other middle class workers to demand for a constituent assembly
• Combined efforts by liberals, Social Democrats and Socialist Revolutionaries to demand a constitution

Due to acute shortages of grain supplies and outdated modes of production Stalin introduced the collectivization programme. Under this program, peasants were forced to cultivate on collective farms called as Kolkhoz. Those who resisted collectivization programme were severely punished and many were deported and exiled. Independent cultivation was also allowed but such cultivators were treated unsympathetically. This programme did not lead to an increase in production immediately.  

The impact First World War had on Russia’s industry were:

• Russia had very few industries and the country was cut off from other suppliers of industrial goods by German control of the Baltic Sea.

• There was rapid disintegration of industrial equipment in Russia than elsewhere in Europe.

• Breaking down of railway lines began by 1916.

• Able-bodied men were called up to the war.

• This resulted in shortages of labour and shutting down of small workshops producing essentials

• Large supplies of grain were sent to feed the army.

Rigging means it is a fraud and malpractices indulged by a party or a candidate to increase the votes ,it includes stuffing of ballot boxes by a few person using the votes of others

Karl Marx was a communist who introduced the concept of socialism.
Karl Marx’s Theory:

• He felt that the industrial society belonged to the capitalists.
• Capitalists owned the capital invested in industries, but the profit was produced by workers.
• He believed that the condition of workers would never improve, as long as profit is taken by the capitalists.
• Marx believed that to free themselves from the capitalists’ exploitation, workers had to form a socialist society where all property was socially controlled.
• This would be a communist society.

Women who bore racially undesirable children were punished and those who produced racially desirable children were awarded. They were given favoured treatment in hospitals and were also entitled to concessions in shops and on theatre tickets and railway fares. To encourage women to produce many children, Honour Crosses were awarded. A bronze cross was given for four children, silver for six and gold for eight or more.

Answer : French, American, British and Japanese troops

EXPLANATION :

When the Bolsheviks ordered land redistribution, the Russian army began to break up. Soldiers, mostly peasants, wished to go home for the redistribution and deserted. Non-Bolshevik socialists, liberals and supporters of autocracy condemned the Bolshevik uprising. Their leaders moved to south Russia and organised troops to fight the Bolsheviks (the ëredsí). During 1918 and 1919, the ëgreensí (Socialist Revolutionaries) and ëwhitesí (pro-Tsarists) controlled most of the Russian empire. They were backed by French, American, British and Japanese troops - all those forces who were worried at the growth of socialism in Russia. As these troops and the Bolsheviks fought a civil war, looting, banditry and famine became common

The word monsoon comes from the Arabic word mausim ,meaning season .

Basically it describes a seasonal wind shift over a region that is usually

accompanied by a dramatic increase in precipitation .

The only difference is that in order to be a candidate the minimum age is 25 while it is only 18 years for being a voter.

Every person who wishes to contest an election has to fill a 'nomination form ' and give some money as 'security deposit '.

The main features of Democracy are:-

• People have the main powers in democracy. They elect their own representatives.
• Democracy is mostly based on equality. Everyone citizen is treated equally.
• The party which gets the majority will generally win the elections. It is accepted by all
• In democracy minorities were also given preference. They are allowed to participate in discussions.
• In democracy every individual is provided with some basic fundamental rights which are not to be violated.
• Democracy strictly follows the rule of law. Everyone should abide by the law.
• In democracy judiciary is independent from other institutions. It always supports the truth and law.

Net attendance ratio is the total number of children of age group 6  -10 attending school as a percentage of total number of children in the same age group .

The three types of plate boundaries are:
(i) Convergent Boundary. It is formed when plates come towards each other.
(ii) Divergent Boundary. It is formed when plates move away from each other.
(iii) Transform Boundary. It is formed when plates move horizontally from each other. The movement of these plates have changed the position and size of the continents over millions of years. Such movements have also influenced the evolution of the present landform features of India.

1. Convergent Boundary
   As its name states, this boundary can be found along where two plates collide head-on, leading to the formation of either volcanoes, deep-sea trenches or mountains. Elaborating, convergent boundaries happen when one plate "pushes" to another plate. Good examples include the Western Pacific (with its deep-sea trenches and volcanoes) and the Himalayan Mountain Range (a product of the Indian plate pushing northward to Asia).

2. Divergent Boundary
   Balancing out convergent boundaries, divergent boundaries happen when two plates separate or "split-apart". This phenomena is commonly observed in the ocean floor. When two plates split, magma rises to fill the empty space, and in the process form great ocean valleys and mountain ridges. A good example is the East Pacific Rise or the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.

3. Transform fault/ Conservative Boundary
   In this scenario, two plates neither collide head-on nor separate, but instead slide against each other, like how one rubs their hands together. A famous example of such a boundary is the San Andreas Fault in California. Transform Faults are often epicenters of huge earthquakes.

Multiple Cropping :

• It is a traditional method of farming.
• It includes growing more than one crop on a piece of land during the same year.
• This method involves using of traditional seeds that requires less irrigation, wooden tools and equipments, ancient machinery, etc.
• Thus, the productivity of this method tends to remain low.

Modern Farming :

• It is a modern method of farming.
• It includes growing of one crop on a single piece of land at one point of time.
• This method involves using of high yield varieties (HVY) of seeds, chemical fertilizers, pesticides and insecticides in large quantities, modern machinery, etc.
• Thus, the productivity of this method is high, however, it is not environment friendly.

 There are four factors of production i.e. land, labour, physical capital and human capital.

The first requirement for production is land. Land as a production factor also includes other natural resources like water, forests and minerals found in the earth’s crust.

The second requirement for production is labour or workforce. These are the people who do the different tasks involved in production.

The third requirement for production is the inputs required for the different stages of production. These inputs are called physical capital or simply capital. The most important factor here is the entrepreneur, who is willing to risk his capital to start a production activity.

Physical capital includes inputs like machinery and tools, money and raw material required for production. Some inputs like the building of a factory and the tools and machinery installed in it can be repeatedly used for production year after year. They do not get used up in production. Such inputs are called fixed capital.

Inputs like raw material and the money used for buying it, paying electricity bills and the wages of workers, etc. get used up in the production activity. These inputs are called working capital. The fourth requirement of production is human capital. Human capital is the knowledge and effort that is put in to arrange for the other factors like land, labour and physical capital to start the production of goods or services.