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The Russian Revolutions of 1917 saw the collapse of the Russian Empire, a short-lived provisional government, and the creation of the world's first socialist state under the Bolsheviks. They made explicit commitments to promote the equality of men and women. Many early Russian feminists and ordinary Russian working women actively participated in the Revolution, and all were affected by the events of that period and the new policies of the Soviet Union. The provisional government that took power after the February 1917 overthrow of the tsar promoted liberalism and made Russia the first major country to give women the right to vote. As soon as the Bolsheviks took power in October 1917, they liberalized laws on divorce and abortion, decriminalized homosexuality, and proclaimed a new higher status for women.

Russian Parliament

Duma was an elected legislative body like the parliament having representatives of the third estate. The Tsar dismissed the first Duma within 75 days and the re-elected Second Duma within three months. He did not want any restrictions or reductions in his powers. He changed the voting laws and packed the Third Duma with the conservative politicians. Liberals and revolutionaries were kept out.

The core social and political values  of our Constitution  carried the legacy of the freedom struggle which was fought for liberty , equality and justice.
 b. ​The social, economic and political exploitation of the country during the British rule certainly gave impetus to our representatives and leadership who were framing the constitution to acknowledge the values which were denied to the Indian people for centuries.
c. Our great political leaders who spearheaded the nationlist movement dreamt of a constitution  that would lay the basis of  a society based on the principles of equality, social justice, democratic values and human rights.
d. That would  provide for a representative form of democracy where parliament as the supreme law making body.
e. That would establish a system, based on the collective will of the people.
f. Most importantly, that would broaden the meaning of democracy and would attain social and economic freedom and democracy along with political democracy.
g. We may give example of Mahatma Gandhi, who in his weekly journal Young India , spelled out the values and ideals for the constitution, which were:

•  Social Justice
•  Equality , freedom
•  Abolition of untouchability
•  Equal rights and participation of Women
•  Peaceful co existence among various communities

Poor people have to go through various human sufferings. No body would like to live in poverty.

So, due to following reasons we can say poverty is curse on humanity

(i) Poverty leads to hunger and lack of shelter. Poor people live in unhygienic conditions and invite host of diseases.

(ii) They lack medical facilities and die of diseases in want of timely and proper treatment.

(iii) They are in a situation in which they are ill-treated at almost all places. Each time they are left with scars on their spirit of self-respect.

(iv) Poors live with the sense of helplessness.

(v) Poor parents are not able to send their children to school. This leaves them unaware about the opportunities in life.

(vi) The children of poor people have to earn their livelihood, even then they are not able to get their two square meals.

What is democracy?

Production  is a process of combining various material inputs and immaterial inputs in order to make something for consumption . It is the act of creating an output, a good or service which has value and contributes to the utility of individuals.

Production refers to the creation of wealth or utility. It is an activity that results in creation of goods and services to satisfy human wants. It is a process in which some materials are transformed from one form to another. For example, wheat is used for producing bread, wood for making table etc.

February Revolution:

•  22nd February: Factory lockout on the right bank took place.
•  25th February: Duma was dissolved.
•  27th February: Police Headquarters ransacked. Regiments support the workers. Formation of Soviet.
•  2nd March: The Tsar abdicated his power. The Soviet and Duma leaders formed a Provisional Government for Russia.

The February Revolution had no political party at its forefront. It was led by the people themselves. Petrograd had brought down the monarchy, and thus, gained a significant place in Soviet history. Trade Unions grew in number. With no monarchy to rule the Russian future would now be decided by the constituent assembly which was going to be elected on the basis of universal adult suffrage.

Feudalism(feudal system) was common in France before the French revolution.
The system consisted of the granting of land for return for military services.
In a feudal system, a peasant or worker received a piece of land in return for serving a lord or king, especially during times of war.
The peasant now is called as a VASSAL.
In the late medieval period, this system became hereditary.
Feudalism discouraged trade and economic growth. And it discouraged unified government.
 

Feudal system is a combination of legal, economics, military and cultural customs that flourished in medieval Europe between 9th and 15th century

Dr. Bheem Rao Ambedkar

BR AMBEDKAR

Dr Beam Roa Ambedkar

On January 5, 1531, when Babur was 47 years old passed away, and at that time Humayun was 22 years of age, acquired the Empire.

Died: December 26, 1530, Agra

Kingdom: Mughal Empire

Nationality: Uzbekistan, India

Born: February 14, 1483

Emperor Babar died on 26 December 1530

The event of February revolution ...........

1. The low level of economic development under British colonial rule. The policies of the colonial government ruined traditional handicrafts and discouraged the development of industries like textiles.
2. The spread of the Green Revolution created many job opportunities for the people of the country, yet they were not sufficient in comparison to the number of job seekers.
3. Unequal distribution of land and resources is another important factor for poverty in India.
4. In order to fulfil social obligations and religious ceremonies the poor end up spending a lot which results in poverty.
5. Inequality in the income of the people is also a major reason for poverty

Whether the question you asked is Social science or Science?

Louse is the common name for members of the order Phthiraptera, which contains nearly 5,000 species of wingless insect. Lice are obligate parasites, living externally on warm-blooded hosts which include every species of bird and mammal, except for monotremes, pangolins, and bats.

The central location of India at the head of the Indian Ocean is considered of great significance because:
(a) It has given India a strategic advantage due to the Trans Indian ocean routes which connect the countries of Europe in the West and the countries of East Asia.
(b) This helps India to establish close contact with West Asia, Africa and Europe from the Western coast and with the Southeast and East Asia from the Eastern coast.
(c) The vast coastline and the natural harbours have benefitted India in carrying out trade and commerce with its neighbouring and distant countries since ancient times.
(d) It has given India a distinct climate than the rest of the Asian Continent.
(e) No other country has such a long coastline on the Indian Ocean as India. It is India’s eminent position in the Indian Ocean which has given the name of an Ocean after it. 

The Preamble of the Constitution of India depicts the significant features like

SOVEREIGNTY - Individual States of the country have independent legislative powers.

SOCIALIST - Society to share the nation's wealth equally and avoid economic inequalities.

SECULAR - Equal respect and freedom to all the religions in the nation.

DEMOCRATIC - Voting system for Election as per Adult Franchise is to be followed.

REPUBLIC  - Nation does not follow monarchy rule. Head of the country is appointed through election only and for a particular period of time.

It also emphasizes on the features like

(i) Justice in economic, social and political manners;

(ii) Liberty of belief, thought, expression, worship and faith;

(iii) Equality of status, opportunity  and promote all;

(iv) Fraternity, to assure individual's dignity and also nation's unity and integrity.

1. Hitler got quick successes in foreign policy as well. In 1933, he pulled out of the League of Nations.
2. He reoccupied the Rhineland in 1936 and integrated Austria and Germany in 1938.
3. After that, he went on to wrest German-speaking Sudentenland from Czechoslovakia and usurped the entire country.
4. England gave unspoken support to Hitler in these endeavours.

Hitler got quick successes in foreign policy as well. In 1933, he pulled out of the League of Nations. He reoccupied the Rhineland in 1936 and integrated Austria and Germany in 1938. After that, he went on to wrest German-speaking Sudentenland from Czechoslovakia and usurped the entire country. England gave unspoken support to Hitler in these endeavours.

1.He pulled out of the league of nation in 1993. 2.Integerated austria and Germany under the slogan on people one leader and one empire. 3.He then went on to wrest German speaking sudetenland from czechslovakia and gobbled up the entire country. 4. He had unspoken support of England. 5.These quick success at home and abroad seem to reverse the destiny of the country

n foreign policy Adolf Hitler took quick and successful steps. (i) He pulled Germany out of the League of Nations in 1993. (ii) He integrated Austria and Germany in 1938 under the slogan 'one people, one empire and one leader'. (iii) He then captured German-speaking Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia and later the entire country. (iv) Hitler got unspoken support of England, which had considered the Versailles Treaty as too harsh. (v) These quick success at home and abroad helped to reverse the destiny of the country.

The First World War left a deep imprint on European society and polity. It had a devastating impact on the entire continent. (i) In society, soldiers were ranked higher than civilians. Trench life of the soldiers was glorified by the media. (ii) Politicians and publicists laid great stress on the need for men to be aggressive and masculine. (iii) Aggressive war propaganda and national honour occupied centre stage in the public sphere. (iv) People's support grew for the recently established dictatorships. (v) Democracy as a young and fragile idea could not survive the instabilities of interwar Europe.

He was the king of France belonging to the Bourbon Family and inherit the throne in 1774

Louis XVI:

(i)Louis XVI was from the Bourbon family of kings, who  ascended the throne of France In 1774.

(ii)He was 20 years old when he got married to the Austrian princess Marie Antoinette.

(iii)Under Louis XVI, France helped the thirteen American colonies to gain their independence from the common enemy, Britain.

He was the king of france

Work of teacher in the school

Explanation:

The activities that add value to the national income are called economic activities. The doctor and the nurse are working at their own homes and not in a government facility while the NGO (Non-profit Government Organisation) does not add to the national income of the country.

1. Students were taught boxing in order to be brave hearted and to fight with jews
2. jews were not allowed in the schools
3. They teach to hate jews .
4. They only allow aryans in the school .
5. They teach loyalty for their country.
6. They forced students to join army.
7. They teach to worship hitler

The article 326 defines a universal adult franchise as the basis for elections to all levels of the elected government. The universal Adult Franchise refers that all citizens who are 18 years and above irrespective of their caste or education, religion, colour, race and economic conditions are free to vote. In a democracy, a universal adult franchise is important, as it is based on the idea of equality. It states that every adult in a country, irrespective of their wealth and the communities she/he belongs to, has one vote. The Indian Constitution has adopted universal adult franchise as a basis of elections to the Lok Sabha and the state legislative assemblies. Representation of States in Lok Sabha: Members are directly elected by the people from the territorial constituencies in the states Election Principle used – Universal Adult Franchise Eligibility to Vote: Any Indian Citizen of/above 18 years of age

Universal Adult Franchise means that the right to vote should be given to all adult citizens without the discrimination of caste, class, colour, religion or gender. It is based on equality, which is a basic principle of democracy.       

Help me

Making of socialist society is described below:
(i)During the civil war, the Bolsheviks kept industries and banks nationalised. They permitted peasants to cultivate the land that had been socialised.
(ii)Bolsheviks used confiscated land to demonstrate what collective work could be. A process of centralised planning was introduced. Officials assessed how the economy could work and set targets for a five-year period.
(iii)On this basis they made the Five Year Plans. The government fixed all prices to promote industrial growth during the first two ‘Plans’ (1927-1932 and 1933-1938). Centralised planning led to economic growth. Industrial production increased (between 1929 and 1933 by 100 per cent in the case of oil, coal and steel). New factory cities came into being.
(iv)An extended schooling system developed, and arrangements were made for factory workers and peasants to enter universities.
(v)Crèches were established in factories for the children of women. Cheap public health care was provided. Model living quarters were set up for workers. 

The Constitution makers were worried that in an open electoral competition, certain weaker sections may not stand a good chance to get elected to the Lok Sabha and the State Legislative Assemblies. They may not have the required resources, education and contacts to contest and win elections against others. Those who are influential and resourceful may prevent them from winning elections. 
Therefore, the Constitution makers thought of a special system of reserved constituencies for the weaker sections. Some constituencies are reserved for people, who belong to the Scheduled Castes and Schedilled Tribes. Currently, in the Lok Sabha, 79 seats are reserved for the SCs and 41 for the STs. This number is in proportion to their share in the total population. Thus, the reserved seats of SCs and STs do not take away the legitimate share of any other social group.

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Human resource is different from other resources like land and physical capital in the following ways:
(i) From the perspective of economic development, human resource exhibit multiple importance i.e. human resource act as both producers as well as consumers.
(ii) Human resource makes use of other resources like land and physical capital to produce an output.
(iii) Human resource is considered superior to other resources as it is not confined to one region or place. It can spread to other places and diversity.

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The great or inner himalayas : ●This is the northern most range and is also known as himadri. ● This is the most continuous range. It contains the loftiest peaks. ● The average height of peaks in this range is 6,000 metres. ● All the prominent Himalayan peaks are in this range. ● The folds of the Great Himalayas are asymmetrical in nature and the core of this part is composed of granite. ● Because of the lofty heights, the peaks of this range are perennially snow-bound

The great or inner himalayas :

• This is the northern most range and is also known as himadri.
•  This is the most continuous range. It contains the loftiest peaks.
•  The average height of peaks in this range is 6,000 metres.
• All the prominent Himalayan peaks are in this range.
• The folds of the Great Himalayas are asymmetrical in nature and the core of this part is composed of granite.
• Because of the lofty heights, the peaks of this range are perennially snow-bound.

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Tithe is a type of tax given to the clergy members of the church

One type of tax