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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 10 months ago
Desert plants which grow in semi-arid conditions fix atmospheric CO2 to form malic acid in the dark. These plants accumulate organic acid during the night to be used during the daytime. This pathway of carbon fixation is called Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM).
The stem, leaves and petioles of CAM plants are fleshy or succulent. They have reduced leaves, thick cuticle and sunken stomata. Their stomata remain closed during the day and open at night. This helps the plants to conserve water, but at the same time, cuts off CO2 supply which is required for photosynthesis.
- In desert plants, the stomata are open at night and usually closed during the day.
- They take in CO2 at night and store it in the form of an intermediate product called malic acid.
- During daytime, in the presence of light, deacidification takes place in which malic acid is decarboxylated to pyruvic acid by the malic enzyme and CO2 is evolved. One molecule of NADP+ is reduced in this reaction.
- Pyruvic acid so formed may be oxidised to CO2 by the Krebs cycle or reconverted to phosphoenol pyruvic acid.
- CO2 released by deacidification is accepted by ribulose bisphosphate and fixed in the form of carbohydrate by the C3 or Calvin cycle.
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Aman?️☣️?️ .N 5 years, 10 months ago
Yogita Ingle 5 years, 10 months ago
Dantidurga, who was a Rashtrakuta chief, performed<i> hiranya-garbha</i> ritual to became a Kshatriya and then he overthrew his Chalukya overlord.
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 10 months ago
The mode of consumption of food by a living being and its utilization by the body is termed as Nutrition. There are two different modes of nutrition:
- Autotrophic mode of nutrition
- In autotrophic mode of nutrition the living being produces their own food in the presence of simple substances.
- The organisms undergoing this mode of nutrition are termed as autotrophs (auto meaning self; trophos meaning nourishment).
- For example, plants.
- Heterotrophic mode of nutrition
- In heterotrophic mode of nutrition the living being consumes plants or other animals.
- The organisms undergoing this mode of nutrition are termed as heterotrophs (heteros meaning another; trophos meaning nourishment).
- For example, human beings, animals.
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 10 months ago
Massive amounts of gaseous exchange takes place in the leaves through tiny pores called stomata for the purpose of photosynthesis. The opening and closing of stomatal pores is controlled by the guard cells, when water flows into the guard cells, they swell, become curved and cause the pore to open whereas when the guard cells lose water, they shrink, become straight and close the stomatal pore.
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Microsoft Word allows you to make an automatic backup of your working document. If the program crashes or your computer accidentally loses power, the AutoRecover feature will attempt to load the most up-to-date version of your document.
Posted by Manisha Chakraborty 5 years, 10 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 10 months ago
A storm is a disturbed state of environment creating severe weather conditions mainly high speed winds. A thunderstorm is a storm with sound and lightning and typically also heavy rain or hail.
- Thunderstorms develop in hot and humid areas.
- High temperature in this areas cause hot humid (with water vapours) air to rise up. So, strong upward rising winds with water droplets are generated.
- At high altitude, these water drops freeze and fall again towards earth.
- Upward movement of air and downward movement of water drops, together, cause lightning and sound
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 10 months ago
Veins - the lines on the green flat part in a leaf that provide support for the leaf and transport both water and food.
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A lithosphere is the rigid, outermost shell on Earth. It is composed of the crust and the portion of the upper mantle that behaves elastically on time scales of thousands of years or greater. The outermost shell of a rocky planet, the crust, is defined on the basis of its chemistry and mineralogy.
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 10 months ago
In plants, minerals and water are transported through the xylem cells from soil to the leaves. The xylem cells of the stem, roots, and leaves are interconnected forming a conducting channel reaching all plant parts. The root cells obtain ions from the soil which creates a difference in the concentration of ions between the roots and soil. Thus, there is a continuous water movement into the xylem. Osmosis causes osmotic pressure hence water and minerals are transported from one to another cell. Transpiration leads to a continuous water loss in addition to a suction pressure which is created due to water that is being forced into the xylem cells of the roots.
Thus, it can be said that xylem plays an important role in the transportation of water and minerals once they absorb these and transport them to different plant parts.
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