Article 84 (b) of Constitution of India provides that the minimum age for becoming a candidate for Lok Sabha election shall be 25 years. Similar provision exists for a candidate to the Legislative Assemblies vide Article 173 (b) of the Constitution read with Sec. 36 (2) of the R. P. Act, 1950. A non citizen cannot be a contesting candidate in the elections. Article 84 (a) of the Constitution of India envisages that a person shall not be qualified to be chosen to fill up a seat in the Parliament unless he is a citizen of India.

(146 - 125)cm = 21 cm

2(x-2)+3(4x-1)=0

2x - 4 + 12x - 3 = 0

14x - 7 = 0

14x = 7

x = 7/14

x = 1/2

Surds are numbers left in 'square root form' (or 'cube root form' etc). They are therefore irrational numbers. The reason we leave them as surds is because in decimal form they would go on forever and so this is a very clumsy way of writing them. Pure Surds – Surds which are wholly irrational. Example: √3. Similar Surds – The surds having the same common surds factor. Mixed Surds – Surds that are not wholly irrational and can be expressed as a product of a rational number and an irrational number.

There are four types of natural silk produced around the world: Mulberry silk, Eri silk, Tasar silk and Muga silk. Mulberry silk contributes around as much as 90% of silk production, with the mulberry silkworm generally being regarded as the most important. Mulberry silk is the most common among the many kinds of silk. It makes up 90% of the silk supply in the world. This popular kind is produced by the bombyx mori silkworms which are fed from the mulberry bush (thus the name). Since it is a common kind of silk, acquiring it is easy. Silk is obtained from the cacoon of the silkworm . Silkworm are fed on the leaves of the mulberry trees. Each worm spins a continuous thread up to 800 metre long to make a cocoon. The cocoon is boiled in water to kill the silkworm alive and then unwound to get silkfibre.

A ratio between two or more quantities is a way of measuring their sizes compared to each other. The first term of a ratio is called antecedent and the second term is called consequent. This type of ratio has no units. If different quantities are compared, this special type of ratio is called a rate and it has units. A ratio is the comparison of two homogeneous quantities, or a ratio is the division of two quantities a and b having the same units. It is denoted by ab (read as “a ratio b”) or a÷b. A ratio has no unit. It is a numerical quantity which indicates how many times one quantity is greater than the other.

Types of Network Topologies: The mapping of a LAN design is called Topology. There are four categories: Star topology, Bus topology, Ring topology and Mesh topology. Hybrid combinations of these topologies also exist. 

In mesh topology each device is connected to every other device on the network through a dedicated point-to-point link. When we say dedicated it means that the link only carries data for the two connected devices only. Lets say we have n devices in the network then each device must be connected with (n-1) devices of the network. Number of links in a mesh topology of n devices would be n(n-1)/2.

Advantages of Mesh topology

1. No data traffic issues as there is a dedicated link between two devices which means the link is only available for those two devices.
2. Mesh topology is reliable and robust as failure of one link doesn’t affect other links and the communication between other devices on the network.
3. Mesh topology is secure because there is a point to point link thus unauthorized access is not possible.
4. Fault detection is easy.

In star topology each device in the network is connected to a central device called hub. Unlike Mesh topology, star topology doesn’t allow direct communication between devices, a device must have to communicate through hub. If one device wants to send data to other device, it has to first send the data to hub and then the hub transmit that data to the designated device.

Advantages of Star topology

1. Less expensive because each device only need one I/O port and needs to be connected with hub with one link.
2. Easier to install
3. Less amount of cables required because each device needs to be connected with the hub only.
4. Robust, if one link fails, other links will work just fine.
5. Easy fault detection because the link can be easily identified.

In bus topology there is a main cable and all the devices are connected to this main cable through drop lines. There is a device called tap that connects the drop line to the main cable. Since all the data is transmitted over the main cable, there is a limit of drop lines and the distance a main cable can have.

Advantages of bus topology

1. Easy installation, each cable needs to be connected with backbone cable.
2. Less cables required than Mesh and star topology.

In ring topology each device is connected with the two devices on either side of it. There are two dedicated point to point links a device has with the devices on the either side of it. This structure forms a ring thus it is known as ring topology. If a device wants to send data to another device then it sends the data in one direction, each device in ring topology has a repeater, if the received data is intended for other device then repeater forwards this data until the intended device receives it.

Advantages of Ring Topology

1. Easy to install.
2. Managing is easier as to add or remove a device from the topology only two links are required to be changed.

New foods and beverages arrived in the subcontinent; like potatoes, corn, chillies, tea and coffee.

5(2x - 3) - 3 (3x - 7) = 5

10x - 15 - 9x + 21 = 5

x + 6 = 5

x = 5 - 6

x = -1