Name any two figures that have both line symmetry and rotational symmetry.

A n  s w e r :

Two figures that have both line symmetry and rotational symmetry are:

Circle and Square.

Draw, wherever possible, a rough sketch of:
A quadrilateral with line symmetry but not a rotational symmetry of order more than 1.

ANSWER

A trapezium which has  equal non parallel sides, a quadrilateral with the line symmetry but not a rotational symmetry of order more than 1.

It is a chemical reaction in which you mix two solutions of two ionic substances and a solid ionic substance (a precipitate) forms.

Precipitation plays a major part in the water cycle as it is the one which brings in the deposit of freshwater on the planet. It can be divided into three categories depending upon the form such as:

• Liquid water
• Ice
• Liquid water freezing when comes in contact with the surface.

Value of Pi (π) in Decimal

The pi value up to the first 100 decimal places is:

3.14159 26535 89793 23846 26433 83279 50288 41971 69399 37510 58209 74944 59230 78164 06286 20899 86280 34825 34211 7067

Value of Pi (π) in Fractions

The pi value in fraction is 22/7. It is known that pi is an irrational number which means that the digits after the decimal point are never-ending and being a non-terminating value. Therefore, 22/7 is used for everyday calculations. ‘π’ is not equal to the ratio of any two number, which makes it an irrational number.

The differences between craft production in cities like Calcutta and Thanjavur were: 

• Craft production in cities like Calcutta was formally organized and planned by the European companies. In Thanjavur, the crafts persons were independent. 
• Crafts persons in Calcutta were not free to sell their own crafts and textiles whereas in Thanjavur, the crafts persons were free to sell their products. 
• In Calcutta, crafts persons worked on a system of advances and in Thanjavur, crafts were developed on interest. 
• The crafts persons at Calcutta had to reproduce the designs supplied to them by the Company agents. 
• Merchants and artisans (such as weavers) in Calcutta were moved into the Black Towns established by the European companies within new cities. They were not as free as the crafts persons at Thanjavur.

An Autobiography of Jawaharlal Nehru 1. In May 1905, when I was fifteen, we set sail for England. Father, Mother and I all went together. On a May day towards the end of the month, we reached London. While I was in the train from Dover to London, I read about the great sea victory at Tushima. I was in high spirits because the very next day happened to be Derby Day and we went to see the race. I remember meeting M.A. Ansari soon after our arrival at London. He was then a smart and clever young man with a record of brilliant academic achievement behind him. He was a surgeon at that time in a hospital in London.

Answer :

Nehru went from Dover to London by Train

Major teachings of Baba Guru Nanak were as follows:

• Baba Guru Nanak insisted on the importance of the worship of one true God.
• He believed that caste, creed or gender was irrelevant in the context of a true liberation from worldly matters.
• According to him, liberation was not a state of inert bliss but the pursuit of an active life with a strong sense of social commitment.
• He spread his teaching with a motto of ‘nam, dan, insane’ , which meant right worship, social welfare and purity of conduct.
• His teachings are now remembered as nam-japna, kirt-karna and vandchhakna, which means worship of god, honest living, and helping or sharing with others.
• Thus, Baba Guru Nanak promoted the idea of equality..

Baba Guru Nanak emphasised the importance of the worship of one God.

He insisted that caste, creed or gender was irrelevant for attaining liberation. His idea of liberation was based on the pursuit of active life with a strong sense of social commitment.

He used the terms nam, dan and isnan for the essence of his teaching, which actually meant right worship, welfare of others and purity of conduct.

He gave importance to right-belief and worship, honest living and helping others.

Guru Nanak, thus, promoted the idea of equality

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The literal meaning of Masulipatnam is fish port town. It was a centre of intense activity in the 17th century. Since it soon became the most important port of Andhra Pradesh, both the Dutch and the English East India Companies attempted to control it. The fort of Masulipatnam was built by the Dutch.

The town of Masulipatnam or Machlipatnam is located on the delta of the Krishna river. The literal meaning of Masulipatnam is fish port town. It was a centre of intense activity in the 17th century. Since it soon became the most important port of Andhra Pradesh, both the Dutch and the English East India Companies attempted to control it. The fort of Masulipatnam was built by the Dutch.

Bar screens are used to remove large objects like rags, sticks, cans, plastic packets napkins, etc. in wastewater treatment plant.

The micro-organisms that decompose/ convert the dead remains of plants and animals to humus are called decomposers. The two common examples of decomposers are bacteria and fungi. They play an important role in clearing the debris of dead remains of plants and animals and convert them into humus which enriches the nutrients of the soil.

Recharging of groundwater takes place by the rainwater and water present in the water source like river and ponds. The water tends to seep through the soil and fill the empty spaces and cracks below the ground. That’s how groundwater gets recharged.

Distance covered by train   S=240 km
Time taken by train to cover this distance   t=4 hrs
Thus speed of train   v= S​/t
∴ v= 240/4 ​= 60 km/hr

• The change in which the molecular composition is completely altered and a new product is formed is called a chemical change.
• Chemical changes create a new product.
• The changes in Chemical change are irreversible and permanent.

Examples of Chemical Change

1. Burning of wood or paper
2. Burning of camphor
3. Souring of milk
4. Burning of candle
5. Digestion of food

A change leading to the production of a new substance is known as a chemical change. These changes are irreversible. Some of the chemical changes occurring in our day to day life include rusting of iron, silver jewellery getting tarnished or copper articles getting covered by green layer.

• Grass eating animals like cows, buffaloes are called ruminants because they have a separate part of stomach called rumen .They quickly swallow the grass and is stored in rumen where it is partially digested forming cud.
• Rumination is the process by which cud returns to the mouth in small lumps and then the animal chews it.
• Grass contain cellulose which is digested by special bacteria present in a sac like structure located between small intestine and large intestine.

• Grass eating animals like cows, buffaloes are called ruminants because they have a separate part of stomach called rumen .They quickly swallow the grass and is stored in rumen where it is partially digested forming cud.
• Rumination is the process by which cud returns to the mouth in small lumps and then the animal chews it.

There are various sources of water. About 97% of the water on the Earth’s surface is covered with water. The three main sources of water are:

• Rainwater.
• Groundwater – This includes water bodies like Wells and Springs.
• Surface water – This includes different water bodies like Sea, Oceans, Reservoirs, Rivers, Streams, Ponds, Lakes and Tanks.

A battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections for powering electrical devices such as flashlights, mobile phones, and electric cars. There are some other types of Secondary Batteries but the four major types are: Lead – Acid Batteries. Nickel – Cadmium Batteries. Nickel – Metal Hydride Batteries. Lithium – Ion Batteries.

Instruments like vernier calliper, metric rulers, scales and measuring tapes are commonly used to measure length

True, Chemicals like chlorine (Chlorine dioxide) and ozone (in the pharmaceutical industry) are commonly used to disinfect water.

False, An Electromagnet attract with piece of iron 

False, Formation of manure from leaves is a chemical change.

Mirza hakim was half brother of akbar

 Mirza, was the second son of Mughal emperor Humayun. He ruled Kabul in Afghanistan, and often conflicted with his elder brother emperor Akbar. Mirza Hakim later on mended ways with Emperor Akbar.

• Some powerful tribes controlled large territories.
• In Punjab, the Khokhar tribe was very influential during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.
• Afterwards the Gakkhars became more important.
• Their chief, Kamal Khan Gakkhar, was made a noble (mansabdar) by Emperor Akbar.
• In Multan and Sind, the Langahs and Arghuns dominated vast regions.
• Afterwards they were defeated by the Mughals.
• The Balochis were another large and powerful tribe in the north-west.
• They were divided into many smaller clans under different chiefs.
• In the western Himalaya there lived the shepherd tribe of Gaddis.
• In the distant north-eastern part of the subcontinent the Nagas, Ahoms and many others lived.