Give me full notes of Life …

 Explain in detail how plants prepare their food?  Give examples for Heterotrophic mode of nutrition.  Write the differences between Aerobic and Anaerobic respiration. Artificial Kidney Haemodialysis - The process of purifying blood by an artificial kidney. It is meant for kidney failure patients. Excretion in Plants Plants use different strategies for excretion of different products:  Oxygen and carbon dioxide is diffused through stomata  Excess water is removed by transpiration  Plants can also lose some of their old parts like old leaves and bark of trees  Other waste products like raisins and gums especially in old xylem cells which can also be lost by plants  Plants also secrete some waste substances into the soil around them Few Important Questions  What is locomotion?  Describe the process of Excretion in humans.Formation of Urine in Human Beings Each kidney contains many filtration units called as nephrons.  Nephrons are made up of a cluster of thin walled capillaries called glomerulus which is associated with a cup like structure called as Bowman's capsule and the long tube which terminated through this capsule  The renal artery brings oxygenated blood to the kidneys along with the nitrogenous wastes like urea and uric acid and many other substances  The blood gets filtered through the glomerulus and this filtrate enters the tubular part of nephron  As this filtrate moves down the tubular part, glucose, amino acids, salts and excess of water gets selectively reabsorbed by the blood vessels surrounding these tubules  The amount of water reabsorbed depends upon  How much excess of water is there in the body and  How much nitrogenous wastes need to be excreted out  So the fluid now flowing in the tubular part is urine which gets collected in collecting ducts of nephrons  These collecting ducts together leave the kidney at a common point by forming the ureter  Each ureter drains the urine in the urinary bladder where it is stored until the pressure of the expanded bladder leads to an urge to pass it out through urethra  This bladder is a muscular structure which is under nervous control  180 litres of filtrate is formed daily but only 2 litres is excreted out as urine so the rest is reabsorbed in the boExcretion System in Human Beings Excretory/urinary system consists of:  The Kidneys - The excretory organ  The ureters - The ducts which drain out urine from the kidneys  The urinary bladder - The urinary reservoir  The urethra - The channel to the exterior Excretion The metabolic activities in the body generates many kinds of wastes including nitrogenous wastes which are harmful for the body and hence needed to be removed. Excretion is a process by which these wastes are moved from our body. The unicellular entities remove these wastes by simple diffusion Excretory wastesTransportation in Plants  Plants take in carbon dioxide and photosynthesize energy stored in their chlorophyll- containing structures, the leaves  For plants, soil is the is richest and the nearest source of raw material such as nitrogen, phosphorous and other minerals, the absorption of which occurs through roots  The plant transport systems move energy stores from leaves and raw materials from roots. Both of these pathways are constructed independently through different conducting tubes  Xylem moves water and minerals obtained from soil whereas phloem transports products of photosynthesis from leaves to other plant parts Transport of water  Vessels, tracheids of roots, stems and leaves of the xylem tissue are interconnected forming a continuous system of water-conducting channels reaching all plant parts  Water moves into the root from the soil as a result of a difference created in the concentration of ions between the soil and the root. Thereby a steady movement of water is created into the root xylem, pushed upwards steadily  When there is an adequate amount of water supply, water lost through stomata is replaced by water from the xylem vessels in the leaf  Evaporation of water molecules from leaf cells creates a suction, pulling water from xylem cells of the roots. Transpiration is the process wherein water is lost in the form of vapour from the aerial parts of the plant Advantages of Transpiration:  Helps in the absorption and the upward movement of water and minerals dissolved in it from roots to leaves  Helps in temperature regulation  Acts as a major driving force during the daytime, as transpirational pull helps in the movement of water in the xylem Transport of food and other substances  Translocation occurs in the vascular tissue, phloem where apart from the transport of products of photosynthesis, it also transports amino acids and other substances which are specially delivered to the storage organs of fruits, roots and seeds and even to the growing organs  Translocation of food and other substances occurs in the sieve tubes with the aid of adjacent companion cells in both the directions  Translocation in phloem can be achieved by utilizing energy, derived from ATP, for instance, transfer of sucrose into phloem tissue