Notes of chapter 4 ?

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Moving Charges and Magnetism Class 12 Notes Chapter 4 1. The space in the surroundings of a magnet or a current-carrying conductor in which its magnetic influence can be experienced is called magnetic field. Its SI unit is Tesla (T). 2. Oersted experimentally demonstrated that the current-carrying conductor produces magnetic field around it.  When key K is closed, then deflection occurs in the compass needle and vice-versa, 3. Biot-Savart’s Law According to this law, the magnetic field due to small; current-carrying element dl at any nearby point P is given by  4. The relationship between μ0, ε0 and c is  where, c is velocity of light, ε0 is permittivity of free space and μ0 is magnetic permeability. 5. Magnetic field at the centre of a circular current-carrying conductor/coil.  6. Magnetic field at the centre of semi-circular current-carrying conductor.  7. Magnetic field at the centre of an arc of circular current-carrying conductor which subtends an angle 0 at the centre.  8. Magnetic field at any point lies on the axis of circular current-carrying conductor  9. Magnetic field due to straight current-carrying conductor at any point P at a distance r from the wire is given by  10. The following figure shows the graphical representation of variation of B with distance from straight conductor.  11. Ampere’s Circuital Law The line integral of the magnetic field B around any closed loop is equal to μ0 times the total current I threading through the loop, i.e.   Magnitude of magnetic field of a straight wire using Ampere’s law  12. Maxwell introduced the concept of displacement current.  13. Magnetic Field due to a Straight Solenoid (i) At any point inside the solenoid, B = μ0nI where, n = number of turns per unit length. (ii) At the ends of the solenoid, B = 1/2 μ0nI  14. Magnetic Field due to Toroidal Solenoid (i) Inside the toroidal solenoid, B =μ0nI, here, n =N/2πr ,N= total number of turns (ii) In the open space, interior or exterior of toroidal solenoid, B= 0