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by 1970 all the major definitions of tribe were shown to be faulty. Explain

Posted by Soilu Bhart 3 years, 11 months ago

CBSE > Class 12 > Sociology

1 answers

Gaurav Seth 3 years, 11 months ago

By the 1970s all the major definitions of tribe were shown to be faulty. It was pointed out that the tribe-peasantry distinction did not hold in terms of any of the commonly advanced criteria: size, isolation, religion, and means of livelihood. Some Indian “tribes” like Santhal, Gonds, and Bhils are very large and spread over extensive territory. Certain tribes like Munda, Hos and others have long since turned to settled agriculture, and even hunting gathering tribes, like the Birhors of Bihar employ specialised households to make baskets, press oil etc. It has also been pointed out in a number of cases, that in the absence of other alternatives, “castes” (or non-tribals) have turned to hunting and gathering.

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Sume scholars have also argued that there is no coherent basis for treating tribes as "pristine" ie, original or pure societies uncontamuated by civilisation. They propose instead that tribes should mally be seen as "secundary phenomena arising out of the exploitative and colonialise contact between preexisting states and non-state groups like the tribals. This contact itself creates an ideology of "ulism" 7. Why do the tribal groups begin to define themselves as trihals? a) It is their sole identification b) Because they belong to certain tribes c) To distinguish themselves from oders d) To differentiate thesselves Imam castes 8. Why should the trilies be not seen as pristine according to some scholars? a) Due to lack of coherent basis h) Became they are contaminated 2) They had colonialist contact d) They are originally not pure 9. Choose the incorrect option regarding the history of the tribes: a) They were not always the oppressed groups b) They had always been uppressed groups They occupied a special trade niche 4) They dominated over the people of the plains 10. Garha Mandla or Chanda is an example of which of the following? a) Tribal kingdom b) Royal kingdom Tribes 4) Kingdom

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