Which changes took place in Europe …

In 1815, the representatives of the European powers - Britain, Russia, Prussia and Austria wanted to establish long-lasting peace and stability after they defeated Napoleon. Thus, they drew up the Treaty of Vienna of 1815 to undo most of the changes brought about during the Napoleonic wars and create a new conservative order in Europe. According to this treaty: The Bourbon dynasty was brought back to power and France lost the territories it had annexed under Napoleon. To prevent French evasion, a series of states were set up within the boundaries of France. This led to the setting up of the kingdom of the Netherlands (inclusive of Belgium) in the north and the kingdom of Genoa (added to Piedmont) in the south. Prussia was given important new territories on its western frontiers, while Austria was given control of northern Italy. However, Napoleon’s German confederation of 39 states was left untouched. In the east, Russia was given part of Poland while Prussia was given a portion of Saxony. The treaty strengthened the monarchy. As a result, people rose in revolt against the monarchy in many parts of Europe.

Napoleon was defeated in 1815 by collective European powers i.e. Britain, Russia, Prussia, and Austria. The representatives of European powers drew up the Treaty of Vienna at a congress hosted by Austrian Chancellor Duke Metternich with the objective of undoing the changes that had come about the Europe during the Napoleonic wars. Following changes were brought about in Europe by this treaty:

• The Bourbon dynasty that was destroyed during the French Revolution was restored. French lost the territories it has annexed under Napoleon.
• A series of states were set up on the boundaries of France to prevent French expansion in future.
• The Netherlands which included Belgium was set up in the north. Genoa was added to Piedmont in the south.
• Prussia was given important new territories on its western frontiers. Austria was given control of northern Italy.
• The German confederation of 39 states set up by Napoleon was left untouched. Russia was given part of Poland and Prussia was given part of Saxony.
• Monarchy was restored and a new conservative order was created in Europe.

Austria was given control of northern Italy. The German confederation of 39 states set up by Napoleon was left untouched. Russia was given part of Poland and Prussia was given part of Saxony. Monarchy was restored and a new conservative order was created in Europe.