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The members of the Jacobin club belonged mainly to the less prosperous sections of society. They included small shopkeepers, artisans such as shoemakers, pastry cooks, watch-makers, printers, as well as servants and daily-wage workers. Their leader was Maximilian Robespierre.

The Jacobin Club was the strongest of the many clubs that were formed. In the summer of 1792 the Jacobins planned an insurrection They stormed the Palace of the Tuileries, massacred the king’s guards and held the king himself as hostage for several hours. Later elections were held. The Jacobian Government came to power. The newly elected assembly was called the Convention.

The Jacobian leader , Robespierre headed the Assembly. Robespierre followed a policy of severe control and punishment. Robespierre pursued his policies so relentlessly that even his supporters began to demand moderation. Finally, he was convicted by a court in July 1794. The fall of the Jacobin government allowed the wealthier middle
classes to seize power.