How is washing soda synthesized ?

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Washing soda is synthesized through Solvay’s process. Solvay’s process involves the reaction of sodium chloride, ammonia and carbon dioxide in water. Carbon dioxide involved is produced through calcium carbonate and the calcium oxide left is used in recovering ammonia from ammonium chloride. At first, sodium bicarbonate is obtained which is then converted to sodium carbonate on heating. Finally, washing soda is produced by recrystallization of sodium carbonate. NaCl + NH3 + CO2 + H2O → NaHCO3 + NH4Cl 2 NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2 Na2CO3 + 10H2O → Na2CO3.10H2O

soda is powder

Washing soda is synthesized through Solvay’s process. Solvay’s process involves the reaction of sodium chloride, ammonia and carbon dioxide in water. Carbon dioxide involved is produced through calcium carbonate and the calcium oxide left is used in recovering ammonia from ammonium chloride.

At first, sodium bicarbonate is obtained which is then converted to sodium carbonate on heating. Finally, washing soda is produced by recrystallization of sodium carbonate.

• NaCl + NH₃ + CO₂ + H₂O → NaHCO₃ + NH₄Cl
• 2 NaHCO₃ → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂
• Na₂CO₃ + 10H₂O → Na₂CO₃.10H₂O

Washing soda is synthesized by the Solvay process.

The steps are given below:

 

1. Sodium chloride(NaCl), ammonia( NH3) and carbon dioxide( CO2) are taken in water to form sodium bicarbonate( NaHCO3).

2. Sodium bicarbonate is separated as it precipitates out from the solution as a solid. In presence of heat, it decomposes to form anhydrous sodium carbonate( soda ash).

3. Recrystallization of the sodium carbonate obtained by dissolving in water.

 

The process of formation of sodium carbonate is referred to as the Solvay process which is utilised to produce washing soda.