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Acids

• Acids is defined as the one which produces hydrogen ions in water. For Example, Sulphuric Acid, Hydrochloric Acid etc.

• They give sour taste.

• Acids turn blue litmus to red. This is used as confirmation test for the presence of acid.

• When acids react with metals, gases are evolved.

Reactions with Acids

1. Reaction of Acid with Metal

Acid + Metal → Salt + Hydrogen gas

Mg + H2 SO4 → H2 + Mg SO4

2. Reaction of Acid with Carbonates

Na2 CO3 (s) + 2 HCl (aq) → 2NaCl (aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

3. Reaction of Acid with Bicarbonates

NaHCO3 (s) + HCl (aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g)

Similarity between Acids and Bases

• Both acids and base react with water. They produce ions in water

• Both acids and bases acts as electrolytes, so are good conductors of electricity.

• Both of them changes the colour of the litmus paper.