Long answer question:- How is decentralization …

Power shared between Central and State governments to local government is called the Decentralization of government. It is also called third tier of the government.

The State governments are required to share some powers and revenue with local government bodies. The nature of sharing however varies from state to state. Rural Local Government is popularly known as the Panchayati Raj. It consists of Zilla Parishad, Panchayat Samiti and Gram Panchayats.

There is a gram panchayat in each village or group of villages. It is a council of several ward members called panch and a president called Sarpanch. It works under the overall supervision of Gram Sabha.

A few gram panchayats are grouped together to form a Panchayat Samiti also known as a Block or Mandal. The members of this body are elected by all the members of the Panchayats in that area. All the Panchayat Samitis or Mandals in a district constitute a body of elected members to form the Zilla Parishad. The political head of Zilla Parishad is called the Chairperson.

Urban Local Government or Nagar Palika comprises the Municipalities or Municipal Committees in towns and Municipal Corporations in big cities. The political head of Municipal committees is the Municipal Chairperson and the chairperson of Municipal Corporation is called a Mayor.