How brain controls the whole body …

Part of brain

Functions

Cerebrum

Governs intelligence, thinking, memory and other mental abilities, voluntary actions, sensations, emotions and speech.

Hypothalamus

Coordinates messages from the autonomous nervous system, controls involuntary actions, as well as the sexual and emotional behaviour and forms an axis with the pituitary.

Thalamus

Functions as major coordinating center for sensory and motor signaling.

Midbrain

The midbrain controls reflex movements of the head, neck and trunk in response to visual and auditory stimuli. It also controls the reflex movements of the eye muscles, changes in pupil size and shape of the eye lens.

Cerebellum

Responsible for precision and fine control of voluntary movements as well as maintaining posture and equilibrium of the body.

Pons

It regulates respiration.

Medulla

Contains vital centre for controlling blood pressure, respiration, swallowing, and salivation, vomiting, sneezing and coughing.