The Indian numbering system is used in the Indian subcontinent to express large numbers. The terms lakh (100,000) and crore (10,000,000)[1] are the most commonly used terms (even in English, such as in a local variety called Indian English) to express large numbers in the system. For example, 150,000 rupees in India is referred to as "1.5 lakh rupees", which is written as 1,50,000 rupees; 30,000,000 (thirty million) rupees is referred to as "3 crore rupees", which is written as 3,00,00,000 rupees with commas at the thousand, lakh, and crore places. There are words for numbers larger than 1 crore as well, but these are not commonly used and are unfamiliar to most speakers. These include 1 arab (equal to 100 crore or 1 billion), 1 kharab (equal to 100 arab or 100 billion), 1 nil (sometimes incorrectly transliterated as neel; equal to 100 kharab or 10 trillion), 1 padma (equal to 100 nil or 1 quadrillion), 1 shankh (equal to 100 padma or 100 quadrillion), and 1 mahashankh (equal to 100 shankh or 10 quintillion). In common parlance, the thousand, lakh, and crore terminology (though inconsistent) repeats for larger numbers: thus 1,000,000,000,000 (one trillion) becomes 1 lakh crore, written as 1,00,000,00,00,000.
The Indian numbering system corresponds to the Western system for the zeroth through fourth powers of ten: one (100), ten (101), one hundred (102), one thousand (103), ten thousand (104). For higher powers of ten, the names no longer correspond. In the Indian system, the next powers of ten are called one lakh, ten lakh, one crore, ten crore, one arab (or one hundred crore), and so on; there are new words for every second power of ten (105 + 2n): lakh (105), crore (107), arab (109), etc. In the Western system, the next powers of ten are called one hundred thousand, one million, ten million, one hundred million, one billion, and so on; there are new words for every third power of ten (103n): million (106), billion (109), trillion (1012), etc.
The written numbers differ only in the placement of commas, which group the digits into powers of one hundred in the Indian system (except for the first thousand), and into powers of one thousand in the Western system. The Indian and most English systems both use the decimal point and the comma digit-separator, while some other languages and/or countries using the Western numbering system use the decimal comma and the thin space or point to group digits.
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