How did the issue of caste …

From 19th century, issues of caste discrimination began to be written.
(i) Jyotiba Phule, the Maratha pioneer of low caste, started protest movement. He wrote about the injustice of the caste system in his Gulamgiri.
(ii) B. R. Ambedkar in Maharashtra and E.V. Rama-swamy in Madras wrote powerfully on caste. Their writings were read by people all over India.
(iii) Local protest movements and sets also created a lot of journals and tracts.
(iv) Kashibaba mill worker wrote and published ‘Chhote Aur Bade ka Sawal’.
(v) Banglore cotton mill workers set up libraries to educate themselves.
(vi) Workers were overburdened and lacked the education to write much.
OR
The novels helped to give people a vision of being ideal characters without losing one’s identity in the following ways :
(i) Srinivas Das ‘Pariksha Guru’ reflects the inner and outer world of the newly emerging middle class.
(ii) The characters in the novel are caught in the difficulty of adapting to colonial modernity and preserving their cultural identity.
(iii) The characters in the novel attempt to bridge two different worlds through their actions. They take to new agricultural technology, modernize trading practices, change the use of Indian languages making them capable of transmitting both western sciences and Indian wisdom.
(iv) The young are urged to cultivate the healthy habit of reading the newspaper.
(v) The novel also emphasizes that all aspects must be achieved without sacrificing the traditional values of the middle class household.