What are enzymes name any two …

Enzymes are actually made up of 1000s of amino acids that are linked in a  specific way to form different enzymes. The enzyme chains fold over to form unique shapes and it is these shapes that provide the enzyme with its characteristic chemical potential. Most enzymes also contain a non-protein component known as the co-factor.  

The biochemical reactions occurring in the body are basically of 6 types and the enzymes that bring about these reactions are named accordingly:

• Oxidoreductases: These enzymes bring about oxidation and reduction reactions and hence are called oxidoreductases. In these reactions, electrons in the form of hydride ions or hydrogen atoms are transferred. When a substrate is being oxidized, these enzymes act as the hydrogen donor. These enzymes are called dehydrogenases or reductases. When the oxygen atom is the acceptor, these enzymes are called oxidases.
• Transferases: These enzymes are responsible for transferring functional groups from one molecule to another. Example: alanine aminotransferase which shuffles the alpha‐amino group between alanine and aspartate etc. Some transferases also transfer phosphate groups between ATP and other compounds, sugar residues to form disaccharides such as hexokinase in glycolysis.
• Hydrolases: These enzymes catalyze reactions that involve the process of hydrolysis.They break single bonds by adding water. Some hydrolases function as digestive enzymes because they break the peptide bonds in proteins. Hydrolases can also be a type of transferases as they transfer the water molecule from one compound to another. Example: Glucose-6-phosphatase that removes the phosphate group from glucose-6-phosphate, leaving glucose and H3PO4.
• Lyases:  These enzymes catalyze reactions where functional groups are added to break double bonds in molecules or where double bonds are formed by the removal of functional groups. Example: Pyruvate decarboxylase is a lyase that removes CO2 from pyruvate. Other examples include deaminases and dehydratases.
• Isomerases: These enzymes catalyze the reactions where a functional group is moved to another position within the same molecule such that the resulting molecule is actually an isomer of the earlier molecule. Example: triosephosphate isomerase and phosphoglucose isomerase for converting glucose 6-phosphate to fructose 6-phosphate.
• Ligases: These enzymes perform a function that is opposite to that of the hydrolases. Where hydrolases break bonds by adding water, ligases form bonds by removal of the water component. There are different subclasses of ligases which involve the synthesis of ATP.