The new industries could not easily …

(i) The new industries could not easily displace traditional industries. At the end of 19th century itself, less than 20% of total workforce was employed in advanced technological industrial centres. Textile industry itself produced a large portion of its output not within the factories, but outside, within domestic units.

(ii) In non-mechanised sectors such as food processing, building, pottery, glass work, tanning furniture making and production of implements, ordinary and small innovations were the basis of their grants.

(iii) Technological changes were not accepted at once by the industrialists. Their growth was slow as new technology was expensive and often broke down; and repairs are costly.

(iv) The traditional craftsmen and labour and not a machine operator was still more popular. Hand-made things were popular, as machines produced mass designs and there was no variety. For example, human skill produced 45 kinds of axes and 500 varieties of hammers, which no machine could produce.

(i) The new industries could not easily displace traditional industries. At the end of 19th century itself, less than 20% of total workforce was employed in advanced technological industrial centres. Textile industry itself produced a large portion of its output not within the factories, but outside, within domestic units.

(ii) In non-mechanised sectors such as food processing, building, pottery, glass work, tanning furniture making and production of implements, ordinary and small innovations were the basis of their grants.

(iii) Technological changes were not accepted at once by the industrialists. Their growth was slow as new technology was expensive and often broke down; and repairs are costly.

(iv) The traditional craftsmen and labour and not a machine operator was still more popular. Hand-made things were popular, as machines produced mass designs and there was no variety. For example, human skill produced 45 kinds of axes and 500 varieties of hammers, which no machine could produce.