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The age structure of a population is the distribution of people among various ages. It is a useful tool for social scientists, public health and health care experts, policy analysts, and policy-makers because it illustrates population trends like rates of births and deaths. These are important to understand because they have a host of social and economic implications in society, like understanding the resources that must be allocated for childcare, schooling, and healthcare, and the familial and greater social implications of whether there are more children or elderly in society. In graphic form, age structure is portrayed as an age pyramid that shows the youngest age cohort at the bottom, with each additional layer showing the next oldest cohort. Typically males are indicated on the left and females on the right, like that pictured above.​