What are the causes of increasing …

(i) High Birth Rate and Low Death Rate: From 1921 to 2001, the death rate has fallen from 42.6 to 8.7 per thousand while the birth rate fell from 49.2 to 26.1 per thousand.
(ii) Poverty: Poor people have to spend little on the upbringing of their offsprings. Besides, the children supplement the family income.
(iii) Child Marriage: Early marriage is a common feature in India. About 90 per cent of girls are married in the age group of 15-20 years.
(iv) Low status of women; In India women have a low social status. They are treated merely as child producing machines.
(v) Illiteracy: Rate of illiteracy of 35 per cent is pretty high in India. Illiterate persons fail to understand the significance of family planning.

a. There has been substantial increase in India's population since Independence .
b. The rise in population can be attributed to increase in birth rate.In India birth rates have always been on a higher side, due to lack of awareness of family planning, illiteracy.
c. There has been a decline in the death rates due to better health facilities etc.
d. Increased migration has largely impacted composition and distribution of population, Internal migration from rural to urban areas in search of better employment opportunities  has increased the population of cities and towns
e. There has also been substantial growth in cities.
f. From 1951 to 1981, there was a rapid increase in India's population.  It rose from361 million in 1951 to 683 million in 1981.
g. Increase in population can be attributed to lack of family planning, increase in birth rate, illiteracy, lack of awareness.
h. However, India's population  growth from 1981's to 1991 started declining.
i.. There was a decline in birth rates in that period.
j. Decline in birth rate could be attributed to increased awareness about family control measures, education  etc.