A challenge is not just any …

A challenge is not just a problem. It is a difficulty that carries within an opportu-
nity for progress. Once we overcome a challenge we go up to a higher level than before. The serious challenges that democracy faces in different countries of
the world for smooth running of government are called challenges to democracy.
Few challenges faced by democracy in several parts of the world:
1. Foundational Challenge: At least one-fourth of the globe is still not under
democratic governments. Countries that do not have democratic setup face
the foundational challenge of making a transition to the democratic style of
government. They need to lay the foundation in terms of laws and policies
that would be followed under the democratic setup. This involves—bringing
down the existing non-democratic regime, keeping military away from
controlling government and establishing a sovereign and functional state.
2. Challenge of Expansion: Countries already having the democratic setup face
the challenge of expansion. Such countries need to ensure that more and
more social groups, regions and institutions follow democracy in their
functioning. This involves—ensuring greater power to local governments,
extension of federal principle to all the units of the federations, inclusion of
women and minority groups etc.. It also means that less and less decision
should remain outside the domain of democratic control. Most countries
including India and US face this kind of challenge.
3. Challenge of deepening: This challenge is faced by every democracy in this
form or another. Every democratic country needs to strengthen the
institutions that ensure democracy. This should happen in such a way that
people can realise their expectations of democracy. This involves—
strengthening of the institutions and practices of democracy and bringing
down the control and influence of rich and powerful people in the making of
governmental decision.