What is weathering

Weathering is the process of breaking down of rocks into smaller particles by the action of wind and water, change in temperature and penetrating roots of plants.

Weathering is of three types:

1. Physical weathering: The breaking down of big rocks into smaller-sized rock particles with the help of agents like wind, water or change in temperature is called physical weathering. It is also called mechanical weathering.
2. Chemical weathering: Chemical weathering changes the chemical nature of the soil. When rainwater mixes with gases like carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere, it forms acid rain. When acid rain falls on the surface of the earth, it makes the soil slightly acidic.
3. Biological weathering: The roots of trees and burrowing of animals inside the soil bring about this type of weathering. Roots of trees and plants grow through the rocks, contributing to weathering. As the roots grow bigger, they penetrate deeper into the soil, forming cracks in rocks and helping soil formation.