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A gaseous hydrocarbon gives upon combustion …

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A gaseous hydrocarbon gives upon combustion , 0.72g of water and 3.08g of CO2. What is the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon?

Posted by Sahil Jaat 7 years, 10 months ago

CBSE > Class 12 > Chemistry

1 answers

Dr. Kamlapati Bhatt 7 years, 10 months ago

Since , the hydrocarbon on complete combustion gives out given weights CO2 & H₂O

Let the weight of hydrocarbon which on combustion gives out CO₂and H₂O be = x g

then ,

Step 1 . /

calculate percentage of H & C present in the hydrocarbon , separately

Step 2 / calculate the number of atoms of C and H from the % as = % of element / atomic mass of element

Step 3 / Calculate the whole number ratio of C : H in the hydrcarbon

Step 4 / Infer the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon

Calculations for Step 1 to 4 are tabulated as below :

No.	combustion products	Given weights	weights of...	percentage of ....	No.of moles	whole number ratio
1	CO₂	3.08 g	C= $\frac{12}{44} X 3.08$ = 0.84 g	C = $\frac{0.84}{x} X100$	= $\frac{84}{x}$ / 12 = $\frac{7}{x}$
2.	H₂ O	0.72 g	H = $\frac{2}{18} X 0.72$ = o.08 g	H= $\frac{0.08}{x} X 100$	$\frac{8}{x}$ / 1 = $\frac{8}{x}$ = 8/x
						C: H = 7 : 8

Since empirical formula represents the simplest whole number ratio of various present in a compound ,

$\therefore$ The empirical formula of the hydrocarbon is C₇ H₈

ANSWER

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