Fartlek training method is used for developing endurance. The word 'fartlek' is a swedish word means 'speed play'. this training method lays emphasis on both the aerobic and anaerobic systems. In this method, speed is not preplanned so it is left upto the individual. Self discipline plays a vital role in fartlek training method. The rate of heart beat ranges between 140 to 180 per minutes. Such examples are-warmup, jogging or slow running.
Advantages
1. It keep the heart rate up allowing an athelet to get good cardiovascular endurance.
2. It is good for aerobic and anaerobic fitness.
3. It is not rigid but flexible in nature.
4. In this training method no equipment is required.
Disadvantages
1. It is difficult to see how hard the trainee is making efforts.
2. Sometimes the athelete is likely to drop efforts.
3. It may cause accidents because it is not pre planned.

AAPHER stands for American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation. Various AAHPER youth fitness test items included are as follows:

1. Pull-ups (Boys) / Flexed – Arm Hang (Girls)

Pull-ups (Boys)

The bar is hung at a height where students can freely hang off the floor. With the overhand grip, the student should raise his body until his chin is over the bar and lower it again to the starting position with his arms fully extended. Swinging, Knee bend is not allowed. One point is scored each time the student completes a pull up.

Flexed – Arm Hang (Girls)

The height of bar should be adjusted to the standing height of the subject. The student grasp the bar with overhand grip. She then raises her body off the floor with the help of assistant to a position where the chin is above the bar. Now the subject holds the ‘hang’ position as long as possible. The stop watch is started when subject assumes starting position and stopped when the chin touches the bar.

1. Flexed – Leg Sit – ups

The student lies flat on the back with knees bent and feet on the floor. The angle of knees is 90 degree. Fingers are interlocked behind the neck with elbows touching the floor. The feet are held by a partner. The student then curls up to a sitting position and touches the elbows to the knees. This exercise is repeated as many times as possible in 60 seconds (1 minute).

1. Shuttle Run

The student stands at one of the lines. On the signal ‘go’ he runs, takes the block one and returns to the starting line, and places the block behind that line, he then returns to the second block, which is carried across the starting line on the way back. Two trials are permitted.

1. Standing Long Jump

The student stands behind the take-off line with feet several inches apart. He then jumps forward by bending knees and swinging arms backward. Three trials are permitted. Measurement is from the closest heel mark to the take-off line.

1. 50 yard Dash

After a short warm-up, the student takes a position behind the starting line. On signal ‘go’ the student runs across the finish line. One trial is permitted.

1. 600 yard Run – Walk

Students can run in a group of 10-12 students. When a group is running, the timer can call out times as each student crosses the finish line.

1. Yoga keeps our body physical active and helps in better functioning of organs. 2. Yoga helps in increasing immunity as goes the saying a healthy mind resides in healthy body. For eg. Pranayam 3. Yoga also helps in better circulation of blood in body, helps in releasing less toxins in body.

High blood pressure: Yoga asanas to control hypertension

Child pose or Balasana. Child pose is beneficial for hypertension patients. ...

Sukhasana or easy pose. It is a popular yoga asana which regulates breathing. ...

Shavasana. Shavasana or corpse pose is totally meant for relaxation. ...

Cobra pose. ...

Bridge pose.

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Strength is the ability of a muscle to exert force in single muscle contraction or it is the ability to overcome resistance. Strength is an essential component of physical fitness.
Types of strength are

• Maximum Strength
• Explosive Strength
• Strength Endurance
• Static Strength

Procedure: Place the chair next to a wall & mark 8 feet in front of the chair. The subject starts by fully seated, hand resting on knees & feet flat on ground. On command ‘Go’ timing is started & the subject stands & walks as quickly as possible around the cone. Back to initial position and sit on to chair. A Person sit down Stop time. Perform two trials.

Steps to form Committees for Tournaments: Sports events are organised at various levels which include district, state, national or international levels’ Such tournaments require careful planning in order to be successful’ Committees are formed at various levels. A letter is sent to all concerned for participation.
Various steps are:

• Meetings are conducted at regular interval.
• Experts in various areas are identified.
• Pre-meet work organising committee is set up for the purchase of equipment, layout of courts, etc.
• Welcome/Reception committee and a Technical committee to officiate during the sports meet is also formed. 

A person develops a posture on the basis of the personality.

Everyone has a personality ( a unique combination of behavioral and emotional characteristics). Our personality makes us who we are inside and then develop a posture on the basis of these characteristics.

For example, confident people possess a strong and powerful posture as compared to introverts who often adopt a sway-back posture.

There are no advantages of dieting. Science has proved that dieting causes many physical and mental problems. It causes a lot of problems and your physique can even become worse than before.

Some of the pitfalls of dieting are:

a. Hair loss: The most common side effect of dieting is that you start to lose your hair. Lack of required amount of proteins and fats results in hair loss.

b. Depression: There are many other reasons for depression in life. Dieting is one among them. When your body is not able to handle loads of activities, you feel pressure in mind which causes stress. Stress worsens the mental as well as the physical health of a person.

c. Organs damage: If you continue dieting for a long time it can damage your internal organs and body systems. Its working efficiency decreases than the normal. Your blood circulation becomes passive. You are less energetic, lazy, and lethargic and become weak.

The following are the factors for determining speed:

• Muscle composition: The muscles which consist of more percentage of fast twitch fibrescontract with morespeed and produce a greater speed. Different muscles of the body have different pwercentage of fast twitch fibres.
• Explosive strength: it depends on the shape, size and coordination of muscles. For very quick and explosive movement, explosive strength is required. The related proportion of fast twitch fibres and slow twitch fibres determines the maximum possible speed with which the muscle can contract.
• Flexibility: It also determines the speed. Good flexibility allows maximum range of movements and also enables complete utilization of explosive strength.
• Biochemical reserves and metabolic power: muscles requires more amount of energy and high rate of consumption for maximum speed performance. For this purpose the stores of ATP & CP in the muscles should be enough. If the store is less, the working process of the muscles slows down after short time.

Amla

Among the studied four citrus fruits namely Amla (Emblica officinalis), Mausami (Citrus sinesis), Lemon (Citrus limon) and Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) highest value of Vitamin-C content was found on Amla (178mg/100ml) followed by Mausami (52mg/100ml), Lime (42.5mg/100ml) and Lemon (38.5mg/100ml) respectively.