The British introduced a new system of revenue collection in Bengal. It was called the Permanent Settlement.
It was introduced by Lord Charles Cornwallis in 1793. Under this system, the East India Company had fixed the revenue that each zamindar had to pay. If any zamindar failed to make the payment of the revenue in time, his estates were auctioned to recover the due revenue.
The ideas behind the system. By introducing the Permanent Settlement, the British officials wanted to resolve the problems that they faced. They were aware that the rural economy of Bengal was in crisis because of the following factors:
(i) There was the recurrence of many famines.
(ii) There was a considerable decline in the agricultural production.
Regular flow of revenue : The need of hour. The British officials realized the need to enhance revenue resources. This could be done by encouraging investment in agriculture and trade. So they permanently fixed the rates revenue to ensure a regular flow of revenue.

On 8th August 1942, Mahatma Gandhi launched the Quit India Movement for freedom from British rule in Mumbai (then Bombay).
The movement was accompanied by a mass protest on non-violent lines, in which Gandhi called for “an orderly British withdrawal from India”. Through his passionate speeches, Gandhi moved people by proclaiming “every Indian who desires freedom and strives for it must be his own guide…”. “Let every Indian consider himself to be a free man”, Gandhi declared in his fiery “Do or Die” speech the day the Quit India Movement was declared.
Isolated incidents of violence broke out around the country, but the British acted quickly and arrested thousands of people and kept them in jail till 1945. Apart from filling up jails with rebellious leaders, the British also went ahead and abolished civil rights, freedom of speech and freedom of press.
Though despite of its flaws, the Quit India Movement remains significant because it was during this movement that the British realized that they would not be able to govern India successfully in the long run and began to think of ways they could exit the country in a peaceful and dignified manner.
One of the greatest achievements of the Quit India Movement was that it kept the Congress Party united all through these challenging times.

The Asokan inscriptions give us a lot of information about the Mauryas. Asoka was one of the greatest Mauryan kings who engraved several of his orders and doctrines on rocks and stones.
a. Most of the Asokan inscriptions are written in Pali and Prakrit. Because these inscriptions were engraved for the common people, it indicates that these were the local languages of the people. In northwestern parts of the subcontinent, the inscriptions were in kharosthi script as the Greeks had ruled this region.
b. Asoka in one of his inscriptions has laid down that earlier rulers had no arrangements to receive reports.
c. The Asokan inscriptions shed light on the policy of dhamma followed by Asoka. According to the Asokan principle of dhamma, elders should be respected, slaves should be treated kindly and religious tolerance should be practised. These highlight the liberal principles of the Mauryan ruler.
d. One of the Asokan inscriptions also narrates the pain of the king after the Kalinga War in which thousands of soldiers were killed. After the war, the king embraced Buddhism. Limitations of inscriptional evidences Inscriptions are writings engraved on hard surfaces such as stone, metal or pottery. Inscriptions usually recorded the order, activities or achievements of kings. They are great sources of history as they narrate the victories and policies of rulers.
It is not easy to decipher inscriptions which were written thousands of years ago. Some letters may be faintly engraved which makes it difficult to read them. Inscriptional evidences cannot be taken at face value. It is because they only recorded the orders of the kings and rich priests. Not everything that we may consider politically or economically significant was necessarily recorded in inscriptions. For example, routine agricultural practices and joys and sorrows of common people do not find mention in inscriptions. Similarly, the Asokan inscriptions only mentioned Asoka's policy of dhamma, but the reactions of the people towards his policies have not been recorded in any inscriptions. Thus, inscriptional evidences need to be juxtaposed with other historical perspectives so as to arrive at a better understanding of the past.

The Asokan inscriptions give us a lot of information about the Mauryas. Asoka was one of the greatest Mauryan kings who engraved several of his orders and doctrines on rocks and stones.
a. Most of the Asokan inscriptions are written in Pali and Prakrit. Because these inscriptions were engraved for the common people, it indicates that these were the local languages of the people. In northwestern parts of the subcontinent, the inscriptions were in kharosthi script as the Greeks had ruled this region.
b. Asoka in one of his inscriptions has laid down that earlier rulers had no arrangements to receive reports.
c. The Asokan inscriptions shed light on the policy of dhamma followed by Asoka. According to the Asokan principle of dhamma, elders should be respected, slaves should be treated kindly and religious tolerance should be practised. These highlight the liberal principles of the Mauryan ruler.
d. One of the Asokan inscriptions also narrates the pain of the king after the Kalinga War in which thousands of soldiers were killed. After the war, the king embraced Buddhism.