The main factors determining population distribution are : climate, landforms, topography, soil, energy and mineral resources, accessibility like distance from sea coast, natural harbours, navigable rivers or canals, cultural factors, political boundaries, controls on migration and trade, government policies, types

Our relationship with the natural environment can be understood through the concept of biophilia and the biophilia hypothesis. This term is defined as humans' innate need to affiliate with other life such as plants and animals. This essentially means that humans have a desire to be near nature. Humans are dependent on nature for many things. These include food, sources of energy, and resources for creating shelter. ... We use nature to support our own well being, yet most people tend to feel disconnected form nature.

Population geography ??

Who is Griffith Taylor

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NATURE OF HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

1. Human geography studies the inter relationship between the physical environment and socio-cultural environment created by man. 2. Elements of physical are land, water, soil, climate, vegetation, fauna 3. Elements of cultural are transport and communication, settlements, crops NATURALISATION OF HUMANS a. Man interact with nature with the help of technology b. It is not important that what he creates but with what tools he used to create c. Technology indicates the level of cultural development of society d. Understanding the nature helps to create technology 1. understanding of friction and heat helped to discover fire

2. understanding DNA helped to eradicate diseases

3. laws of thermodynamics helped to develop fast planes

4. knowledge about nature is extremely important to develop technology and technology loosens the shackles of environment on human being .

5. the interaction between primitive society and nature is called ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINISM.

Ten Countries with the Highest Population in the World. are China, India, United States, Indonesia, Pakistan, Brazil, Nigeria, Bangladesh, Russia and Mexico. In early modern India, a large population was typically taken to be a sign of prosperity and progress. A densely populated area signified fertile land, the availability of labor, good governance, and peaceful conditions.

Some states like Maharashtra Delhi Gujarat in Haryana tracks migrant from other states such as up Bihar etc. Maharashtra occupied first place in the list with 2.3 million net in migrants followed by Delhi Gujarat andn Haryana. On the other hand up -2.6 million and Bihar -1.7 million over the states which had the largest number of net out migrants from the state. Among the urban agglomeration greater Mumbai receive the highest number of migrants. these differences are largely due to the size of the state in which these urban agglomeration is located.

In the physical geography, we study about physical features of the earth. Whereas in the human geography we study about the relationship between physical environment and socio-cultural environment created by the human being.

In the physical geography, we study about the physical features of the earth,whereas in the human geography we study about the relationship between human being and with the natural environment.

Naturalisation of human :In the earlier time when there wasn't any technical advancement like now, human beings were dictated by nature. They were dependent on nature and worshipped it. This is called the naturalisation of humans.

Humanisation of nature :With the advancement of Science and technology, human beings started understanding nature and learnt to use natural resources for its benefit.

Growth of population is the change in the number of people living in a particular area between two points of time. The growth rate of population in India over the last one century has been caused by annual birth rate and death rate and rate of migration and thereby shows different Reigns. There are four different faces of growth identified within this period: Phase 1: the period from 1901 to 1921 is referred to as a period of stagnant or stationary phase of growth of India's population since in this period growth rate was very low even recording a negative growth rate during 1911 to 1921. poor health and medical services will it ratio of people at large and inefficient distribution system of food and other basic necessities were largely responsible for high birth rate and death rate in this period. Phase 2: the decades 1921 to 1951 are referred to as a period of study population growth and overall improvement in health and sanitation throughout the country brought down the mortality rate at the same time better transport and communication system improved distribution system the crude birth rate remain high in this period leading to higher rate of growth than the previous phase. Phase 3: the decades 1951 to 1981 are referred to as the period of population explosion in India which was caused by a rapid fall in the mortality rate but a high fertility rate of population in the country. The average annual growth rate was a high as 2.2 % activities were introduced through a centralised planning process and economics started showing up in sharing the improvement of living condition of people at large. Consequently there is a high natural increase and higher growth rate. Phase 4: tipos 1981 till present the growth rate of countries population the remain high has started slowing down gradually the downward trend of crude birth rate is held responsible for such a population growth.

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Denmark ,Belgium

Hummanity is much bigger than a citizenship....

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The Pacific Ocean is home to a spectrum of colours; lush green vegetation, deep blue sea and tropical sea life ranging from hues of purple to orange to yellow. In water, absorption is strong in the red and weak in the blue, thus red light is absorbed quickly in the ocean leaving blue. Almost all sunlight that enters the ocean is absorbed, except very close to the coast. The red, yellow, and green wavelengths of sunlight are absorbed by water molecules in the ocean.

Geographical Factors

(a)Availability of water: It is the most important factor for life. So, people prefer to live in areas where fresh water is easily available. Water is used for drinking, bathing and cooking – and also for cattle, crops, industries and navigation. It is because of this that river valleys are among the most densely populated areas of the world.

(b)Landforms: People prefer living on flat plains and gentle slopes. This is because such areas are favourable for the production of crops and to build roads and industries. The Ganga plains are among the most densely populated areas of the world while the mountains zones in the Himalayas are scarcely populated.

Social and Cultural Factors

Some places attract more people because they have religious or cultural significance. In the same way – people tend to move away from places where there is social and political unrest. Many a times governments offer incentives to people to live in sparsely populated areas or move away from overcrowded places.

Human geography studies the inter-relationship between the physical environment and sociocultural environment created by human beings through mutual interaction with each other.
(i)The process of adaptation, adjustment with and modification of the environment started with the appearance of human beings over the surface of the earth in different ecological niches. Thus, if we imagine the beginning of human geography with the interaction of environment and human beings, it has its roots deep in history.
(ii)Thus, the concerns of human geography have a long temporal continuum though the approaches to articulate them have changed over time. This dynamism in approaches and thrusts shows the vibrant nature of the discipline.
(iii)American geographers, Finch and Triwartha divided the subject matter of human geography into two broad sections : (i) Physical or Natural Environment, and (ii) Cultural or Man-made Environment. Physical Environment consists of phenomena such as human settlements as well as features associated with agriculture and transportation.

Ke h yo

It is a variation of note shorter

In India, Population data is collected through census operation which held every 10 years in our country. The spatial pattern of population distribution is very uneven. As some areas are sparsely populated whereas others are dense. These states can be categorised into three categories:

States with High Population Uttar Pradesh, (highest population), Maharashtra, Bihar, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan,
Karnataka and Gujarat. These states together account for 76% of the population.

States with Moderate population Assam, Haryana, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Kerala, Punjab, Goa.

States with Low population Hilly and tribal areas like Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand, all North Eastern states (except Assam) and Union Territories excluding Delhi.

The population is mainly affected by climate, terrain and availability of water. For example, the North Indian Plains, deltas and coastal plains are densely populated, whereas the mountainous areas and interior areas of central and southern India have relatively low population.

Besides these, the evolution of settled and urbanisation are the socio-economic and historical factors of distribution of population.

Andaman nicobar islands

Andaman nicober

It is the pattern of people where they live.example in western part of rajasthan population disteibution is less and in bhiar popultion disteibution is more

It is increasing in everything successive census because of improvement in heath, better transport, communication system were result of high birth rate and decline death rate, development in irrigation, minerals.

Density of population increases in every census becoz of less awareness about the harmful effects of increasing population and amd becoz of this population increase and density of pop.also increase in ery census

Part 1 (fumdamental of human geography):- Ch -1,2,3,4,57,10 Part 2(india:people and economy):- Ch-1,2,3,4,6,7,9,12

Three ways of measuring population density of a habitat are:

1. Percent cover for trees with larger canopy
2. Number of fishes caught per trap
3. Pugmarks or fecal pellets or tiger census

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Growth	Development
(i)Growth is quantitative and value neutral.	(i)Development means a qualitative change which is always value positive.
(ii)It may have positive or negative sign.	(ii)It means that development cannot take place unless there is an increment or addition to the existing conditions.
(iii)This means that the change may be either positive or negative.	(iii)Development occurs when positive growth take place. It occurs when there is a positive change in quality.

Example: If the population of a city grows from one lakh to two lakhs over a period of time, we say the city has grown. However, if the facilities like housing, provision of basic services and other characteristics remain the same then this growth has not been accompanied by development.

A n s w e r :

Garrison towns are those towns which are established for security functions during the British rule. Their main function is related to defense. For example, Ambala, Jalandhar, Babina, etc.

The towns that have troops permanently stationed in it
The functions:
(i) to defend national security
(ii) to maintain safely the military equipments. 

These are streams of migration..

In internal migration (within the country) four streams are identified-

(a) Rural-Rural (b) Rural-Urban (c)Urban-Rural (d) Urban-Urban