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Yogita Ingle 6 years ago
Adiabatic Processes
- Adiabatic is a process in which there is no heat flow takes place between the system and the surroundings.
- These processes are sudden.
- The walls of the container should be adiabatic
- For an adiabatic process of an ideal gas
- From Boyle’s law
- PV γ = constant
Where γ = Cp/Cv Specific heat ratio
Example: - Hot tea in Thermos flask. It will remain hot as there is no exchange of heat takes place because the walls of thermos is insulating.
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Yogita Ingle 6 years ago
In the construction of various structures like bridges, columns, pillars, beams, etc. Knowledge of the strength of the materials used in the construction is of prime importance.
For example: While constructing a bridge, a load of traffic that it can withstand should be adequately measured beforehand. Or while constructing a crane used to lift loads, it is kept in mind that the extension of the rope does not exceed the elastic limit of rope. To overcome the problem of bending under force the elastic behaviour of the material used must be considered primarily.
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Yogita Ingle 6 years ago
We know orbitals of last shell overlap with each other. The overlapping is of two types:
- Head to head(sigma bond)
- Sidewise(pi bond)
Overlapping of orbitals takes place between which has same energy. If in case, the orbitals have different energy they can’t overlap. Hybridization is the intermixing of orbitals of slightly different energies, so as to redistribute their energy and give rise to new set of orbitals that are similar in shapes and energy.
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Yogita Ingle 6 years ago
There are three modes of heat transfer. Heat transfer or transmission of heat from one place to another takes place by three different ways that are:
- Conduction
- Convection and
- Radiation
Jivisha Srivastava 6 years ago
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Yogita Ingle 6 years ago
When the deforming force is applied to an object. The object deforms. In order to bring the object back to the original shape and size, there will be an opposing force generated inside the object.
This restoring force will be equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the applied deforming force. The measure of this restoring force generated per unit area of the material is called Stress.
There are several different types of stress in physics but mainly it is categorized into two forms that are Normal Stress and Tangential or Shearing Stress. Some stress types are discussed in the points below.
Normal Stress:
As the name suggests, Stress is said to be Normal stress when the direction of the deforming force is perpendicular to the cross-sectional area of the body. The length of the wire or the volume of the body changes stress will be at normal. Normal stress can be further classified into two types based on the dimension of force-
- Longitudinal stress
- Bulk Stress or Volumetric stress
Longitudinal Stress:
Consider a cylinder. When two cross-sectional areas of the cylinder are subjected to equal and opposite forces the stress experienced by the cylinder is called longitudinal stress.
Tensile Stress
If the deforming force or applied force results in the increase in the object’s length then the resulting stress is termed as tensile stress. For example: When a rod or wire is stretched by pulling it with equal and opposite forces(outwards) at both ends.
Compressive Stress
If the deforming force or applied force results in the decrease in the object’s length then the resulting stress is termed as compressive stress. For example: When a rod or wire is compressed/squeezed by pushing it with equal and opposite forces(inwards) at both ends.
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Lucky Papa 6 years ago
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