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Gaurav Seth 6 years, 2 months ago
1. Valency is the maximum no. of electrons which an atom can lose or gain while oxidation no. is the actual no. of electrons which the element lose or gain to form a molecule.
2. Valency is the property of an isolated atom while oxidation state is calculated for an atom is present in a molecule i.e, in a bonded state.
3. Valency of an element remains the same while its oxidation state may be different in different molecules.
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 2 months ago
The molecular mass of a substance is the number of times the molecule of the substance is heavier than one-twelth the mass of an atom of carbon -12. Or, the molecular mass is equal to the sum of its atomic masses of all the atoms present in one molecule of a substance. For eg: Water (H2O)
Atomic mass of H= 1 unit
Atomic mass of O =16 units
The molecular mass of water = 2 × atomic mass of H+1 × atomic mass of O
= 2 × 1 + 16 × 1
= 18 units
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Because the vapour pressure is higher, the liquid is evaporating more easily than would be expected and the ethanol molecules will interfere with hydrogen and therefore make the liquid more volatile Ethanol and benzene the hydrogen bonding is reduced by the presence of benzene.
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 2 months ago
The anomalous behaviour of lithium is as follows:
- Lithium is harder than other metals of the respective group.
- It has higher Melting and boiling point than other metals
- It is least reactive.
- It is strongestreducing agent.
- Unlike other metals LiCl is deliquescent and exist as LiCl.2H2
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Posted by Md Fardeen 6 years, 2 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 2 months ago
Reducing agent: A reducing agent is an element that loses electrons. The reducing agent means to lose electrons; it is said to have been oxidized.
The element which undergoes oxidation (gets oxidized) is called reducing agent.
For example:
4NH3 + 5O2→ 4NO + 6H2O
Posted by Md Fardeen 6 years, 2 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 2 months ago
- s block elements have spherical s orbital as their outermost orbital.
- Since s orbital can accommodate a maximum of 2 electrons, each one of these elements have 1 or two electrons.
- These s electrons are lost very easily to form monopositive ions by lsoing one electron in the outermost orbital or dipositive ions by losing 2 electrons.
- They have low ionisation potentials and low electronegativities.
- They are good conductors of heat and electricity, excepting H2 and He.
- They are silvery, shiny metallic substances, (with the exception of hydrogen and helium which gaseous nonmetals).
- They are malleable and ductile, i.e., we can make sheets and wires from them, (exception: H2, He)
- They readily form ionic salts with most nonmetals.
- Aqueous solutions of their oxides are alkaline.
Posted by Mayank Yadav 6 years, 2 months ago
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Sia ? 6 years, 2 months ago
An equation that defines the physical state of a homogeneous gas, is a modification of the ideal-gas equation, and more nearly describes the properties of actual gases: (p + (a/v2)) (v−b)=RT where p is the pressure, v the specific volume, R the gas constant, T the absolute temperature, and a and b are constants .
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