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Ask QuestionPosted by Anubhav Singh 5 years, 10 months ago
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Nisha Yadav 5 years, 10 months ago
Posted by Simibinu Simibinusidhartha 5 years, 10 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 10 months ago
Trichomes are hairs which are often found as epidermal outgrowths. The hairs of aerial parts may be unicellular or multicellular, branched or unbranched.
Function : (a) They enclose stationary air and protect the plant organ against water loss and sudden fluctuation in atmospheric temperature.
(b) In some plants, the hairs are glandular which secrete essential oil and provide characteristic odours to the plant, e.g., Citrus, Ocimum etc.
Posted by Jago Turbine 5 years, 10 months ago
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 9 months ago
The main components of blood are:
(i) Plasma: It carries all the dissolved substances such as proteins, digested food, common salt etc from one part to another part of the body.
(ii) Red blood corpuscles (RBC): It carries oxygen from the lungs to all the cells of the body.
(iii) White blood corpuscles (WBC): It fights infection and protects us from diseases.
(iv) Platelets: It helps in the coagulation of blood in a cut or wound.
Functions of blood:
(i) It carries oxygen from the lungs to different parts of the body.
(ii) It carries carbon dioxide from the body cells to the lungs for breathing out.
(iii) It carries digested food from the small intestine to all the parts of the body.
(iv) It carries waste product called urea from the liver to the kidneys for excretion in the form of urine.
(v) It protects the body from diseases.
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 9 months ago
Afferent neurons are pseudounipolar neurons that have a single axon leaving the cell body dividing into two branches: the long one towards the sensory organ, and the short one toward the central nervous system (e.g. spinal cord). These cells do not have dendrites that are typically inherent in neurons.
Posted by Asim Siddiqui 5 years, 10 months ago
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 9 months ago
The adequate stimulus is a property of a sensory receptor that determines the type of energy to which a sensory receptor responds with the initiation of sensory transduction. The adequate stimulus is the amount and type of energy required to stimulate a specific sensory organ.
Posted by Jatin Singh 5 years, 10 months ago
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 9 months ago
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a condition in which the heart's function as a pump is inadequate to meet the body's needs.
Many disease processes can impair the pumping efficiency of the heart to cause congestive heart failure.
The symptoms of congestive heart failure vary, but can include:
- Fatigue
- Diminished exercise capacity
- Shortness of breath
- Swelling (edema)
The diagnosis of congestive heart failure is based on knowledge of the individual's medical history, a careful physical examination, and selected laboratory tests.
The treatment of congestive heart failure can include lifestyle modifications, addressing potentially reversible factors, medications, heart transplant, and mechanical therapies.
Posted by Gitashree Das 5 years, 10 months ago
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Asim Siddiqui 5 years, 10 months ago
Posted by Ankita Kumari 5 years, 10 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 10 months ago
| The cells present in the Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT) have brush border which is capable of absorption. | Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT) is the highly coiled part found in the medulla of the kidney. |
| URINE | |
| Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT) receives primary urine from glomerulus. | Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT) receives urine from the glomerulus. |
| RESULTS IN | |
| PCT regulates excretion of urine by absorbing excess water from primary urine. | In DCT, water and salts are secreted. |
| FUNCTION | |
| A small amount of tubular secretion also takes place in the Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT). | The secretion of wastes of ions takes place in the Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT). |
| OTHERS | |
| The substances which are reabsorbed into peritubular network from PCT are glucose, amino acid's, vitamin-c, potassium, Calcium, sodium chloride, 75% of water, etc. | The substances like urea, uric acid, creatinine, sodium, potassium, hydrogen ions are secreted into DCT. |
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Aayushi Attri 5 years, 10 months ago
Posted by Nisha Yadav 5 years, 10 months ago
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 6 months ago
Human Psychology is the science of mind and human behavior. The general definition may refer to the profession, also referred to as clinical psychology; the scholarly discipline, referred to as academic psychology or educational psychology; or the scientific pursuit, research psychology.
Posted by Aryan Dhyani 5 years, 10 months ago
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 9 months ago
- Oxygen enters the blood in the lungs:
It is necessary to separate the oxygenated blood from mixing with deoxygenated blood as mammals and birds have high energy needs because they constantly require energy to maintain their body temperature.
Amphibians and many reptiles have three chambered heart. They can tolerate some mixing of the oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood streams. The fish has a two chambered heart. Oxygenation of the blood takes place in the gills. The oxygenated blood from the gills is supplied to the body parts of the fish where oxygen is utilized and carbon dioxide enters into it making it deoxygenated. The deoxygenated blood returns to the heart to be pumped into gills again.
Thus, single circulation is a type of circulatory system in which the blood passes through the heart only once in one complete cycle of the body.
Double circulation is a circulatory system in which the blood travels twice through the heart in one complete cycle of the body.
Posted by Ozil Chullet 5 years, 10 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 10 months ago
Photosynthesis is a biological process utilized by all green plants to synthesize their own nutrients. The process of photosynthesis requires solar energy, water and carbon dioxide. The by-product of this process is oxygen.
Dark Reactions:
- Dark reaction is also called carbon-fixing reaction.
- It is a light-independent process in which sugar molecules are formed from the water and carbon dioxide molecules.
- The dark reaction occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast where they utilize the NADPH and ATP products of the light reaction.
- Plants capture the carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through stomata and proceed to the Calvin photosynthesis cycle.
- In the Calvin cycle, the ATP and NADPH formed during light reaction drive the reaction and convert 6 molecules of carbon dioxide into one sugar molecule or glucose.
Posted by Anuradha Singh 5 years, 10 months ago
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 9 months ago
Plant nutrition is the study of the chemical elements and compounds necessary for plant growth, plant metabolism and their external supply. In its absence the plant is unable to complete a normal life cycle, or that the element is part of some essential plant constituent or metabolite. This is in accordance with Justus von Liebig's law of the minimum. The total essential plant nutrients include seventeen different elements: carbon, oxygen and hydrogen which are absorbed from the air, whereas other nutrients including nitrogen are typically obtained from the soil (exceptions include some parasitic or carnivorous plants).
Plants must obtain the following mineral nutrients from their growing medium:-
the macronutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), sulfur (S), magnesium (Mg), carbon (C), oxygen (O), hydrogen (H)
the micronutrients (or trace minerals): iron (Fe), boron (B), chlorine (Cl), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni)
These elements stay beneath soil as salts, so plants consume these elements as ions. The macronutrients are consumed in larger quantities; hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and carbon contribute to over 95% of a plant's entire biomass on a dry matter weight basis. Micronutrients are present in plant tissue in quantities measured in parts per million, ranging from 0.1 to 200 ppm, or less than 0.02% dry weight.
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 10 months ago
Hemodialysis is a therapy that filters waste, removes extra fluid and balances electrolytes (sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, chloride, calcium, magnesium and phosphate). In hemodialysis, blood is removed from the body and filtered through a man-made membrane called a dialyzer, or artificial kidney, and then the filtered blood is returned to the body. The dialysis machine is like a big computer and a pump. It keeps track of blood flow, blood pressure, how much fluid is removed and other vital information. It mixes the dialysate, or dialysis solution, which is the fluid bath that goes into the dialyzer. This fluid helps pull toxins from the blood, and then the bath goes down the drain. The dialysis machine has a blood pump that keeps the blood flowing by creating a pumping action on the blood tubes that carry the blood from the body to the dialyzer and back to the body.
Posted by Aditya Chauhan 5 years, 10 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 10 months ago
Coelom is a fluid filled space between the body wall and gut wall and lined by mesoderm on all of its sides. The presence or absence of body cavity or coelom plays a very important role in the classification of animals. Animals that possess a fluid filled cavity between body wall and digestive tract are known as coelomates. Annelids, mollusks, arthropods, echinodermates, and chordates are examples of coelomates.
Posted by Numa Salman 5 years, 10 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 10 months ago
| • Get their name from their smooth appearance under a microscope. |
| • Arranged in bundles of muscle fibre sheets. |
| • Contract involuntarily. Regulated by autonomic part of nervous system. |
| • Found in walls of hollow structures, including veins, arteries, and intestines. |
| • Maintain flow of fluid and food along hollow structures. |
| • Found in hair erectors, pupils, gland ducts, esophagus, bronchi, intestines, stomach, and blood vessels. |
| • Contract slowly and rhythmically. |
| <div>• Fatigue slowly.</div> |
| • Found only in heart and at cardiac ends of main blood vessels. |
| • Contract involuntarily. |
| • Striated when viewed under a microscope. |
| • Do not fatigue. |
| • Contract rhythmically. |
| • Controlled by central nervous system, but can contract without signals due to "pacemaker" cells. |
| • Contain high count of mitochondria and myoglobin. |
| • Have good blood supply. |
| • Are directly attached to the skeleton by tendons. |
| • Aid in movement and locomotion. |
| • Are voluntarily activated. |
| • Appear striped under a microscope. Also called "striated" muscle. |
| • Fatigue more quickly than smooth or cardiac muscles. |
| • Are able to stretch and resume original shape. |
| • Striated appearance comes from formation of actin and myosin muscle fibres. |
| • Are capable of powerful contractions and, just as adequately, small contractions for delicate movement requiring precision. |
| • Stimulated by the nervous system's motor neurons. |
| • Well-supplied with nerves and blood vessels. |
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Lasya Pappula 5 years, 10 months ago
1Thank You