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Amar Kumar 8 years, 3 months ago
Invertebrates: are animals that neither possess nor develop a vertebral column (commonly known as a backbone or spine), derived from the notochord. This includes all animals apart from the subphylum Vertebrata. Familiar examples of invertebrates include insects; crabs, lobsters and their kin; snails, clams, octopuses and their kin; starfish, sea-urchins and their kin; jellyfish, and worms.
Vertebrates:The main characteristic of this group of animals is that they possess vertebrae; a highly specialized bone-type which joins together to compose a backbone. Its function is to protect and sustain the spinal cord and connect it to the nervous system. Another important feature is that vertebrates have different sexes.Examples are mammals, birds, fish, amphibians, and reptiles.
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Amar Kumar 8 years, 3 months ago
Frog- Anura
Bat- Chiroptera
Starfish- Asteroidea
Earthworm- Lumbricina
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Amar Kumar 8 years, 3 months ago
A vascular bundle is a part of the transport system in vascular plants. The transport itself happens in vascular tissue, which exists in two forms: xylem and phloem. Both these tissues are present in a vascular bundle, which in addition will include supporting and protective tissues.
The following four main types of vascular bundle.
1. Collateral Bundle
2. Bicollateral Bundle
3. Concentric Bundle
4. Radial Vascular Bundle.
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Mitochondria are specialized structures unique to the cells of animals, plants and fungi. They serve as batteries, powering various functions of the cell and the organism as a whole.
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Sia ? 4 years, 6 months ago
| BASIS OF COMPARISON | CYTOKINESIS IN PLANTS | CYTOKINESIS IN ANIMALS |
| Description | The process of division of the cytoplasm in the plant cell is what is referred to as Cytokinesis in the plant cell. | The process of division of cytoplasm in an animal cell is what is referred to as Cytokinesis in animal cell. |
| How It Begins | It starts with the formation of cell plate during telophase. | It starts as a constriction in the cell membrane during late anaphase or early telophase. |
| Cell Plate Formation | Vesicles fuse to form cell plate. | A cell plate is not formed. |
| Spindle Apparatus | The middle part of the spindle remains active during Cytokinesis in a plant cell. It forms a complex referred to as phragmoplast. | During Cytokinesis in an animal cell, spindles degenerate. |
| Process Of Cytokinesis | In plant Cytokinesis, cell plate formation takes place to divide cytoplasm into two daughter cells. | Cytokinesis in the animal cell takes place through cleavage. |
| Division | In plant cell Cytokinesis, the cell plate develops from the center of the cell towards the lateral walls. Therefore, it is described as centrifugal. | In animal cell Cytokinesis, the furrow starts to deepen from the lateral /periphery sides of the cell towards the center. Therefore, it is known as centripetal. |
| Row Of Vesicles | A row of vesicles is formed in the center of the cell during plant cell Cytokinesis. | There is no row of vesicles that form during animal cell Cytokinesis. |
| Microfilaments | Microfilaments play a little role in plant cell Cytokinesis. | In animal cell Cytokinesis, microfilaments are very actively involved. |
| Mid Body | A mid body is absent in plant cell Cytokinesis. | A mid body of dense fibrous and vesicular material is formed in the middle. |
| New Cell Membrane | The new cell membrane is derived from vesicles of Golgi apparatus. | The new cell membrane is usually derived from endoplasmic reticulum. |
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