Drupe, in botany, simple fleshy fruit that usually contains a single seed, such as the cherry, peach, and olive. In botany, a drupe (or stone fruit) is an indehiscent fruit in which an outer fleshy part (exocarp, or skin; and mesocarp, or flesh) surrounds a single shell (the pit, stone, or pyrene) of hardened endocarp with a seed (kernel) inside.

Sclera: Protects and contains internal parts
Cornea: Cornea is responsible for maximum refraction of incident light
Aqueous Humour: Prevents collapse of the eye due to atmospheric pressure changes
Iris:Iris controls the light entering the eye by  adjusting the size of pupil
Crystalline Lens: Focuses the light reflected by objects on the retina.
Ciliary Muscles: Alter focal length of the crystalline lens
Retina: Receives optical image and converts it to electrical impulses
Vitreous Humour: Maintains the shape of the eye
Optic Nerve: Carries electrical impulses to the brain. Brain interprets these impulses and produces the sense of vision.

All salivary glands follow a similar development pattern. The functional glandular tissue (parenchyma) develops as an epithelial outgrowth (glandular bud) of the buccal epithelium that invades the underlying mesenchyme. The connective tissue stroma (capsule and septa) and blood vessels form from the mesenchyme. The parotid salivary glands, the largest of the three, are located between the ear and ascending branch of the lower jaw. Each gland is enclosed in a tissue capsule and is composed of fat tissue and cells that secrete mainly serous fluids.

Mitosis is the common method of cell division. It takes place in the somatic cells in the animals. Hence, it is also known as the somatic division. It occurs in the gonads also for the multiplication of undifferentiated germ cells. In plants mitosis occurs in the meristematic cells e.g. root apex and shoot apex.

Hibiscus can self-pollinate. In other words, pollen from the male parts of the flower ca pollinate the female parts of that same blossom. ... If the flower is pollinated, a seed pod will develop. The ovary at the base of the flower will swell. The hibiscus does not bear fruits because the androecium and gynoecium are not working. Explanation: The hibiscus fruits have a five-lobed pod or capsule just below the flower, the lob contains seeds like all other plants. They are no distinct fruits.

1. Uricotelic - The organisms that excrete nitrogenous wastes as uric acid in the form of pellet or paste with a minimum loss of water are called uricotelic animals. Fr examples, Birds that cannot afford to loose water like humans or fishes, therefore they have developed a mechanism to excrete waste loosing least amount of water. Uric acid is only a little soluble in water and hence can be excreted by loosing only a small amount of water.
2.Ammonotelic - Those organisms which excrete nitrogenous wastes in the form of ammonia are called as ammonotelic. Ammonia is highly soluble in water and for its elimination a lot of water is required. Aquatic animals live in abundance of water and can afford to loose a lot of water as they would gain it very easily. So, aquatic animals are ammonotelic. 
3. Ureotelic - Ureotelic animals are animals that excreate nitrogeenous wastes in the form of urea are called ureotelic. Urea  requires less water to be eliminated than ammonia and hence it has become a feature of terrestrial animals like huumans.

The longest bone is the femur (thigh bone). The shortest bone is either the malleus, incus, or stapes, which are the bones of the middle ear. The *tiniest* bones are the Wormian bones found withing the sutures if the skull.

Hemophilia is sometimes referred to as “the royal disease,” because it affected the royal families of England, Germany, Russia and Spain in the 19th and 20th centuries. Queen Victoria of England, who ruled from 1837-1901, is believed to have been the carrier of hemophilia B, or factor IX deficiency. She passed the trait on to three of her nine children. Her son Leopold died of a hemorrhage after a fall when he was 30. Her daughters Alice and Beatrice passed it on to several of their children. Alice’s daughter Alix married Tsar Nicholas of Russia, whose son Alexei had hemophilia. Their family’s entanglement with Rasputin, the Russian mystic, and their deaths during the Bolshevik Revolution have been chronicled in several books and films. Hemophilia was carried through various royal family members for three generations after Victoria, then disappeared.

The carbonic anhydrases  form a family of enzymes that catalyze the interconversion between carbon dioxide and water and the dissociated ions of carbonic acid. The active site of most carbonic anhydrases contains a zinc ion.

ATP and NADPH act as energy driving factors in the biosynthetic phase (Calvin cycle) of photosynthesis. The Calvin cycle uses ATP and NADPH2 for the fixation and reduction of CO₂ to form carbohydrates.
Each Calvin cycle is completed in three phases—carboxylation, reduction and regeneration.
During reduction or the glycolytic reversal phase, carbohydrate is formed at the expense of the photochemically made ATP and NADPH. Here, two molecules each of ATP and NADPH are required for fixing one molecule of CO₂.

Bioassay or biological standardization is a type of scientific experiment typically conducted to measure the effects of a substance on a living organism and is essential in the development of new drugs and in monitoring environmental pollutants. Bioassay is used to detect biological hazards or give a quality assessment of a mixture. Bioassay is often used to monitor water quality and also sewage discharge and its impact on surrounding. It is also used to assess the environmental impact and safety of new technologies and facilities.

The term amphibolic  is used to describe a biochemical pathway that involves both catabolism and anabolism. Catabolism is a degradative phase of metabolism in which large molecules are converted into smaller and simpler molecules, which involves two types of reactions. First, hydrolysis reactions, in which catabolism is the breaking apart of molecules into smaller molecules to release energy.  Examples of catabolic reactions are digestion and cellular respiration, where sugars and fats are broken down for energy.

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THE RESPIRATORY BALANCE SHEET

• The net gain of ATP for every glucose molecule oxidised can be calculated based on the following assumptions:
• There is a sequential, orderly pathway functioning, with one substrate forming the next and with glycolysis, TCA cycle and ETS pathway following one after another.
• The NADH synthesised in glycolysis is transferred into the mitochondria and undergoes oxidative phosphorylation.
• None of the intermediates in the pathway are utilised to synthesise any other compound.
• Only glucose is being respired.
• There can be a net gain of 36 ATP molecules during aerobic respiration of one molecule of glucose.