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| Bill of Exchange | Promissory Note |
| Definition | |
| A negotiable instrument issued to order the debtor to pay the creditor a certain sum of money within a specific date or on demand. | A negotiable instrument issued by the debtor with a written promise to pay the creditor a certain amount within a specific date or on demand. |
| Section | |
| Mentioned in Section 5 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 | Mentioned in Section 4 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 |
| Issued By | |
| Creditor | Debtor |
| Parties Involved | |
| Three parties involved i.e a drawer, the drawee and a payee. | Two parties involved i.e a drawer/maker and the payee |
| Acceptance | |
| Drawee needs to accept the bill of exchange before payment. | No acceptance required from the drawee. |
| Liability | |
| Liability of drawer is secondary and conditional. | Liability of drawer is primary and absolute. |
| Dishonouring of instrument | |
| Notice served to all the concerned parties involved in the transaction on dishonouring the instrument. | No notice served to the drawer in case of dishonouring the instrument. |
| Copies | |
| Bill of exchange can have copies. | The promissory note allows no copies. |
| Is it Payable to drawer/maker | |
| Yes, the same person can be drawer and payee. | The same person cannot be drawer and payee. |
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