Power sharing is a strategy under which all the major segments of the society are provided with a permanent share of power in the governance of the country. And the following two reasons are given for power sharing:

• Prudential Reason of  Power Sharing- Prudential reason states that power sharing will bring out better outcomes. Power sharing is necessary as it helps to diminish the possibility of conflict between the various social groups. Social conflict often leads to violence and political instability and so power sharing is a good way to guarantee political stability. Imposing the will of the majority community over the minority may look like an attractive option in the short run, but in the long run it undermines the unity of the nation. It is thus essential to take the view and demand of the minorities into consideration as well.
• Moral Reasons of Power Sharing- Moral reasons emphasize on the fact that  power sharing itself  is very important. Power sharing is the fundamental spirit of democracy. There should be a link between the ruler and the ruled, the law makers, and those affected by the laws. The basic principles of power, sharing include-1. Government of different political parties, i.e., a coalition government.2. Protection of minority rights.3. Decentralization of power.

Democracy is the form of govt.in which people can rule indirect your counutry...

Democracy is a form of govt where the representatives are elected by the people.

1. Interest Group The term interest group refers to nearly any voluntary association that seeks to publicly promote and create advantages for its cause. These diverse organizations include corporations, charitable organizations, civil rights groups, neighborhood associations, professional associations, and trade associations. ?????? 2. Special Interest Group A Special Interest Group (SIG) is a community with an interest in advancing a specific area of knowledge, learning, or technology where members cooperate to affect or to produce solutions within their particular field. SIG members may communicate, meet, and organize conferences.???? 3. Lobbying Lobbying (also lobby) is the act of attempting to influence decisions made by officials in the government. Lobbying is done by many different types of people and organized groups, including individuals in the private sector, corporations, fellow legislators or government officials, or advocacy groups (interest groups). ???? 4. Advocacy Group Advocacy groups use various forms of advocacy in order to influence public opinion and/or policy. They have played and continue to play an important part in the development of political and social systems.????

The Non-Cooperation Movement was a significant phase of the Indian independence movement from British rule. It was led by Mahatma Gandhi after the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre. It aimed to resist British rule in India through non-violent means, or "Ahimsa".?????

Udit Sahi bol raha hai bhai tu

It is a movement that british officers can arrest any Indian leader for 2 years without any trial

This movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in year 1920-21 . This movement aims were to redress the wrong done to punjab and Turkey and attainment of swaraj. Under this foreign goods were bycotted.

The Indian National Congress first convened in December 1885, though the idea of an Indian nationalist movement opposed to British rule dated from the 1850s. During its first several decades, the Congress Party passed fairly moderate reform resolutions, though many within the organization were becoming radicalized by the increased poverty that accompanied British imperialism. ????????In the early 20th century, elements within the party began to endorse a policy of swadeshi (“of our own country”), which called on Indians to boycott of imported British goods and promoted Indian-made goods. By 1917 the group’s “extremist” Home Rule wing, which was formed by Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Annie Besant the previous year, had begun to exert significant influence by appealing to India’s diverse social classes.???????

Gandhi se pooch le

Social differences are the situations where people are discriminated against on the basis of social, economic, and racial inequality.???? On the other hand, social division means division of society on the basis of social differences like language, region, caste, colour, race and ***.???? Social differences can be easily accommodated with some reservation policies.???? But social division sometimes lead to political division of the country.?????

Social differences- These may be based upon accident of birth or personal choices. Social differences are visible in language, religion, physical characteristics, region, ethnicity, etc. It may not necessarily lead to discrimination. On the other hand, it may even promote unity among people who are different in a particular way but similar in many other ways.

Social division- Social division is the result of the aggregation of social differences with other forms of differences. E.g. caste based division becoming a basis of economic stratification of society. Such a situation also results in discrimination.

 

The reason are When the civil disobedience is relaunched in 1934 the movement has lost its momentum

It controls rate of interest. It also arrange the paper money in the market.

RBI CONTROLS ALL BANKS OF INDIA..

don't think about this now. first make your career. after that you will have lots of time.

Planning of resources are called as resource planning. This planning is made becz to save the resources for future needs.

Nagar ji paisa jaaada lage issss war mai Issss leeye costly hai

The war proved costly to theVietnamese as well as the Americans : 1) During the course of the war, 3,403,100 Us soldiers served in Vietnam(7,484 were women) out of which they suffered casualties numbering 47,244 dead and 303,704 wounded. 2) Countless Vietnamese civlians and soldiers were killed. The bombs and chemical weapons used destroyed thousands of villages and decimated entire stretches of forests. 3) In the US, many felt critical of the fact thta the gobernment was in a war the Us public saw as indefensible. Also, the youth from working classes were drafted, which meant the soldiers were children of middle-class family people. 4)The Vietnamese suffered huge losses in labour, skilled fighters, supplies, etc.

Yogita likh kaise liya tane itna choota

Following were the participants of the Civil Disobedience Movement:
1. The rich peasant communities in the countryside such as the Patidars of Gujarat and the Jats of Uttar Pradesh were active in organizing their communities and sometimes forcing reluctant members to participate in the programmes. A drastic fall in prices and the impact of trade depression led to a fall in cash income for these communities. The problems further increased with the government's refusal of lowering down revenue demands. Overall, for them, the struggle for Swaraj was the fight against high revenues.
2. The poor peasantry was another group that participated in a variety of radical movements led by socialists and communists ranging from reduction in revenue demand to the cancellation of the unpaid rent to the landlord. As the trade depression continued and cash income dropped, they also faced problems relating to the payment of rent to the landlords.
3. The business classes participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement reacted against the colonial policies that restricted business activities. Their demands ranging from protection against imports of foreign goods to a rupee-sterling exchange ratio resulted in the formation of Indian Industrial and Commercial Congress (1920) and the Federation of the Indian Chamber of Commerce and Industries (1927), led by prominent industrialists like Purshottamdas Thakurdas and G.D. Birla. Giving financial assistance and refusing to buy and sell imported goods, they saw the movement as an opportunity for the trade and industry to flourish away from colonial constraints.
4. The participation of the industrial working class was overall minimal, except the Nagpur region. Thousands of workers in the Chota Nagpur tin mines wore Gandhian caps and participated in rallies and boycott campaigns. Movements against foreign goods, low wages, and poor working conditions were held. The railway workers and dock workers also organized strikes in 1930 and 1932 respectively.
5. Women participants, as part of the civil disobedience, were in large no.'s. In urban areas, women usually came from high caste families and in rural areas, they were from rich peasant households. During the salt march, thousands of women listened to Gandhiji and took part in protests, manufactured salt and picketed foreign cloth and liquor shops. They increasingly saw their service towards nation as a sacred duty.

Chauri Chaura is a small village in the Gorakhpur district of Uttar Pradesh. On 5 February 1922, the police stationed there fired at a group of demonstrators. The demonstrators retaliated by burning down the police station, which caused the death of twenty-two policemen.
Gandhiji had all through the movement emphasized on peace and non-violence. This incident, deeply hurt him and he called off the movement. On 10 March 1922, he was arrested and sentenced to six years imprisonment.

a. The advent of Print Media has not only transformed the society indeed it revolutionised it.
b.  As more and more books could be published and it could reach to larger audiences and  raised the consciousness of the people.Novels came to be published on a large scale.
c. Being printed , they could be widely circulated.
d. Also Growth of big cities also contributed in there development.
e. Rising literacy rate also contributed in the surge of novels.  
f.Novels became an important source of leisure and recreation for people both in India and abroad.
g. People began to write fiction creating characters that common people could identify with, they wrote about many issues like love, marriage, proper conduct etc.They depicted images of society

Dr. Bhim Rao Ambedkar was nominated as a delegate of the oppressed classes for the Second Round Table Conference. In that Round Table Conference, he clashed with Mahatma Gandhi by demanding separate electorates for the Dalits.  When the British Government accepted the Ambedkar's demand, Gandhiji began a fast unto death. He believed that separate electorates for the Dalits would slow down the process of their integration into the society. This issues was eventually resolved through the Poona Pact of September 1932.It gave the Depressed classes (which later came to be known as The Scheduled Castes) reserved seats in the provincial and central legislative councils, but they were to be voted in by the general electorate. Hope so it will help u...

Dr B.R. Ambedkar, who organised the dalits into the Depressed Classes Association in 1930, clashed with Mahatma Gandhi at the second Round Table Conference by demanding separate electorates for dalits.

When the British government conceded Ambedkar’s demand, Gandhiji began a fast unto death.

He believed that separate electorates for dalits would slow down the process of their integration into society.

Ambedkar ultimately accepted Gandhiji’s position and the result was the Poona Pact of September 1932.

It gave the Depressed Classes (later to be known as the Schedule Castes) reserved seats in provincial and central legislative councils, but they were to be voted in by the general electorate.

(i) The business class wanted protection against imports of foreign goods.
(ii) They wanted to free the business from colonial restrictions.
(iii) The business community interpreted Swaraj in their own way. They came to see Swaraj at the time when colonial restrictions on business would no longer exist and trade industry would flourish without constraints.

The business community was led by prominent : industrialists like Mr. Purshottam Das and Mr G.D. Birla.

(i) By opposing colonial policies:  The industrial class was keen on expanding their business, so they reacted against colonial policies that restricted business activities. They I  wanted protection against imports of foreign  goods, and a rupee-sterling foreign exchange ratio that would discourage imports.
(ii) Forming various organisations: To organise business interests, they formed the Indian Industrial and Commercial Congress in 1920 and the Federation of the Indian  Chamber  of Commerce and Industries  (FICCI) in 1927.
(iii) Support to Civil Disobedience Movement:Led by prominent industrialists like Purshottamdas Thakurdas and G. D. I Birla, the  industrialists attacked colonial control over the Indian economy, and supported the Civil Disobedience Movement when it was first launched.
(iv) Financial aid: They gave financial assistance and refused to buy or sell imported goods. Most businessmen came to see Swaraj as a time when colonial restrictions on business would no longer exist and trade and industry would flourish without constraints.
(v) Role of working class: The industrial working class also participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement. In 1930 thousands of workers in Chotanagpur participated in protest rallies and boycott campaigns

The role of women in nationalist struggles. Women played a very important role in nationalist struggles all over the world. Liberty is personified as a women and also liberal nationalism proposed the idea of universal suffrage, leading to women's active participation in nationalist movements in Europe.

In other parts of Europe where independent nation-states did not yet exist- such as Germany, Italy, Poland, the Austro-Hungarian Empire- women of the liberal middle classes combined their demands for constitutionalism with national unification. monarchy with national unification. They took advantage of the growing popular unrest to push their demands for the creation of a nation-state on parliamentary principles-a constitution, freedom of the press and freedom of formation or joining union or association.
The issue of extending political rights to women was a controversial one within the liberal movement, in which large numbers of women had participated actively over the years. Women had formed their own political associations, founded newspapers and taken part in, political meetings and demonstrations. Despite this, they were denied suffrage rights during the election of the Assembly. This fact was evident from Frankfurt Parliament convened in the Church of St. Paul where women were admitted only as observers to stand in the visitors gallery.

(i) In 1927, the Government of England appointed a commission. It was headed by Sir John Simon. That is why, it was called as the Simon Commission. This commission came to India in 1928. Its objective was to examine the results of the reforms of 1919. It was an all-white commission having no Indian member. So people in India opposed it. Wherever it went, it was welcomed with black flags. Every where slogans like “Simon Go Back” were raised. But the British Government adopted all repressive measures to crush this peaceful protest.

(ii) In Lahore, the protestors were lathi-charged by the police in which Lala Lajpat Rai was wounded. He had a blow of lathi on his forehead which proved fatal. He died a few days afterwards. All the political parties of the country severely criticised these repressive measures of the British Government. Gandhi himself did not participate in the protests against the Simon Commission. However he had blessed all the peaceful protestors.

Statutory Commission under Sir John Simon. The commission was made to look into the functioning of the constitutional system in India and suggest changes.

A monarchy is a form of government that has a single person known as a monarch at its head. Monarchs use such titles as king, queen, emperor, or empress. Monarchies were once common throughout the world, but now they are rare. Monarchs generally reign for life. Also, most monarchies are hereditary. This means that when the monarch dies, a son, daughter, or other relative becomes the next monarch.

Monarchy is a form of government in which the monarch (king or queen) has the power to make decisions and run the government.

The monarch may have a small group of people to discuss matters with, but the final decision-making power remains with the monarch. Kings and queens do not have to explain their actions or defend the decisions they take.

The all power of the whole country only in 1 person called monarchy system

Similarities between Phan Boi Chau and Phan Chu Trinh were that they were Vietnamese nationalists. Both of them wanted Vietnam to gain independence from the French rule . However, they differed on the ways to gain independence. Phan Boi Chau was a Confucian who wanted stronger ties with China and monarchy. On the other hand Phan Chu Trinh was against monarchy and wanted Vietnam to become a republic.

Actually मैने chapter 1st पढ़ा है so I don't know the answer of this chapter indo china?

British apoint paid servent for check a quality of cotton cloth and provide them loan to by raw material.

Britisher appointed a paid servant called gomastha to supervise weavers, collect supplies, examine the quality of cloths and provide them loan to buy raw material.

After 1990, Indian politics saw a rise of regional political parties in many states. It was also the beginning of the era of Coalition Government at the Centre. A Coalition Government is a Cabinet of a Parliamentary Government in which several political parties cooperate. The usual reason given for this arrangement is that no party on its own can achieve a majority in the Parliament.
A Coalition Government might also be created in a time of national difficulty or crisis.

A coalition government is one which is formed by the coming together of at least two political parties. Usually, it is the partners in an electoral coalition that form a political alliance and adopt a common political programme.

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Actually blood group requires basic understanding about what is inherited. It means the daughter might have a 'o' genes or 'A' genes(remember genes are in pairs) Therefore the information must've specified the pair of genes. Thus the imformation is incomplete,to determine the nature of blood group. Thankyou I hope this helps.

Group o is the domintant blood their daughter because of grop o is able to give blood and take blood of any person while group A has not this power.....

• Italian unification  was the political and social movement that agglomerated different states of the Italian peninsula  into the single state of Italy in the 19th century.
• Despite a lack of consensus on the exact dates for the beginning and end of this period, many scholars  agree that the process began in 1815 with the Congress of Vienna and the end of Napoleonic  rule, and ended in 1871 with the Franco-Prussian War.
• As Napoleon's reign began to fail, other national monarchs he had installed tried to keep their thrones by feeding nationalistic sentiments, setting the stage for the revolutions to come.

Mazzini believe in God he is make unifid italy

It is star it is started in 1848

Role of mazzini Role of cavour Role of garibaldi

1. Through trade, goods can travel from one market to another. 2. Choice of goods in the markets rises and prices become equal. 3. Producers compete closely with each other.

The most common route for MNC investments is to buy up local companies and then to expand production. MNCs with huge money often do so. For example: A big food company in America (Cargill Foods) buys a smaller company in India (Parakh Foods).
Second best method is  Setting  up Production jointly (or a joint venture) with some local companies in some other country.