Information Technology industry or IT as it is popularly known specialise in Research and Development (R&D), manufacture of electronics and production of hardware and software. A major impact of this industry in India has been on employment generation. Upto 31st March 2005, the IT industry employed over one million persons. This number was expected to increase eight fold in the following 3 to 4 years. This means that by 2008-2009 the IT industry was expected to provide employment to nearly 8 million people. The industry has also provided employment opportunity to women, and about 30 percent of the people employed in this sector are women.
The IT industry has been a major foreign exchange earner in the last few years because of its fast growing Business Processes Outsourcing (BPO) sector.
The continuing growth in hardware and software is the key to the success of IT industry in India.The IT industry has provided India a special position in the industrial world.
Software technology parks provide single window service and high data communication facility to software exports. There are 18 software technology parks in India. They are located at Srinagar, Mohali, Noida, Jaipur, Gandhinagar, Indore, Mumbai, Pune, Kolkata,Bhubaneswar, Guwahati, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Mysore, Chennai, Thiruvananthapuram and Vishakhapatnam.

Large city population was both a threat and an opportunity because of the following reasons:
Opportunity:
1. It paved the way for industrialisation
2. It brought with itself new technologies and science
3. It provided more jobs for people
4. It led to modernisation in the society
Threat:
1. Slums
2. Diseases
3. Unhygienic working conditions
4. Poverty
5.Unemployment
6.Challenges to meet the societal pressures

The First World War was the first modern industrial war. For the first time, it saw the use of machine guns, tanks, aircraft, chemical weapons etc on a massive scale. During this time, the world experienced economic and political instability.
These were all products of modem large scale industry
(i) To fight the war, millions of soldiers had to be recruited from around the world and moved to the front lines on large ships and trains.
(ii) The scale of death and destruction was devastating, 9 million people dead and 20 million injured, which was not possible without the use of industrial arms.

(i) History and fictions, folklore and songs popular prints and symbols all played a part in the making of nationalism.
(ii) In the late nineteenth century India, nationalists began recording folk tales sung by bards, and they toured villages to gather folk songs and legends.
(iii) This was done to promote the traditional culture that had been corrupted, and damaged by the western forces.
(iv) To revive the folklore, Rabindranath Tagore himself collected ballads, nursery rhymes and myths, and led the movement for the folk revival.
(v) A massive four-volume collection of Tamil folk tales, The Folklore of Southern India was published by Natesa Sastri. He believed that the folklore was national literature; it was ‘the most trustworthy manifestation of people’s real thoughts and characteristics.’

1)  Nationalism spreads when people begin to believe that they are all part of the same nation, when they discover some unity that binds them together.
2)  A variety of cultural processes, like history, fiction, folklore, songs, popular prints, symbols etc played a part in making of nationalism
3)  In the late 19th  century, Indian nationalists began recording folk tales sung by bards, who toured villages to gather folk songs and legends. These tales gave a true picture of traditional culture that had been corrupted and damaged by outside forces.
4)  It was essential to preserve this folk tradition in order to discover one’s national identity and restore a sense of pride in one’s past.
5)  As a result, Indians began looking into past to discover India’s great achievements. They wrote about the glorious developments in ancient times when art, architecture, science and mathematics, religion and culture, law and philosophy, had flourished.
6)  These national histories urged the readers to take pride in India’s great achievements in the past and struggle to change the miserable conditions of life under British rule.

It is right to say that globalization and competition pressure have led to uncertain jobs. This is due to the changed global scenario in which employers now prefer to use flexibly rather than permanently. As a result, the fair share of the benefits brought about by globalization is denied to workers. MNCs want to make large profits at the expense of small producers and workers whose jobs are no longer secure.

There should be a supervisor for checking the loan activities of Informal lenders. However, its task is quite difficult because informal sector constitutes many people who have different kind of business of their own, besides lending. They are not registered with the government.

Quality of life highly depends on happiness of our family which can't be bought. Money can also not buy luck so we must expect for the best and prepare for the worst.
Besides seeking more income, one-way or the other, people also seek things like :
(i)   Equal treatment
(ii)  Freedom
(iii) Security
(iv) Respect of others

(i) Judiciary with the supreme court at the apex is the sole interpreter of Indian federalism.
(ii) It plays a pivotal role in the implementation of constitutional provisions and procedures.
(iii) Judiciary administers both the union and state laws which are applicable to the cases coming up for adjudication.
(iv) The disputes about the division of powers are settled by the High courts and Supreme court.
Hence, judiciary is considered as the guardian of the Indian federalism.

The central theme of Munshi Premchand’s novels was life in the villages as it then existed.His works have a social purpose. They are intended to awaken the reader to the harsh realities of life in rural India. His characters are not imaginary but lifted from real-life situations. His themes cover the curse of untouchability as practiced, specially in rural India. In addition, the problems of tenant farmers, the oppressive culture of the zamindars and the struggles of ordinary people have been highlighted in his works. He was in this sense a social reformer as also a great novelist

Non-renewable resources :  Non-renewable resources are those which are used only for a limited time. These energy resources get exhausted after years of use.  These resources occur over a very long ecological time and take millions of years in their formation. Examples: crude oil and coal.

Minerals are indispensable part of human life.

1. Almost everything we use, from a tiny pin to towering building or a big ship, all are made from minerals.
2. The railway lines and the tarmac of the roads, our implements and machinery too are made from minerals.
3. Cars buses, trains, aeroplans are manufactured from minerals and run on power resources derived from the earth.
4. In all stages of development, human beings have used minerals for their livelihood, decoration, festivities, religious and ceremonial rites.
5. Availability of the minerals helps in the economic development of the country.
6. Our food too contains minerals.

Yes, it is really very difficult to imagine a world without printed matter because
(i) Everywhere in our surroundings, we find evidence of print, i.e. in books, journals, newspapers, prints of famous paintings, etc.
(ii) We see printed materials in everyday things like theatre programmes, official circulars, calendars, diaries, advertisements, cinema posters, government notifications etc. (Hi) We read printed literature, see printed images, follow the news through different newspapers and track public debates that appear in print.
We take this world as world of print and often forget that there was a time before the printing technology came.

The Ho Chi Minh Trail became advantages to Vietnamese in the war against US.

• The trail symbolises how the Vietnamese used their limited resources to great advantages.
• The trial, an immense network of footpaths and roads was used to transport men and material from North to South.
• It was improved in late 1950’s and from 1967 about 20,000 North Vietnamese troops came south each month. The trial had support bases and hospitals along the way.
• Mostly supplies were carried by much porters in their backs or on their bicycles.
• The US regularly banked the trial to disrupt supplies but efforts to destroy this important supply live by intensive banking failed because they were rebuilt very quickly.

• Derived from’ liber’ means free
• Stood for freedom for all and equality for all before the law
• Politically -Govt, by consent
• Universal suffrage, right to vote for all
• French revolution stood for the end of autocracy and clerical privileges, a constitution and representative govt, through parliament.
• Struggles for equal political rights.
• Economically, inviolability of private property
• Freedom of markets and abolition of state restrictions.
• Any other relevant point

Yes it is possible that an area or region may have ample water resources but is still facing water scarcity. Most of our cities are facing this proble.
(i) In most of our cities there is no shortage of water but the water is unfit for consumption.
(ii) Most of our cities are in the banks of rivers, but rivers have been turned into toxic streams.
(iii) The ever increasing population, industries and vehicles has made matter worse by exerting pressure on existing freshwater resources.

The government announces the minimum support price because it could be incentive for the farmers.

It is applicable to all types of undertakings, big or small, whether in the private or public sector, or in the co-operative sector, whether a manufacturer or a trader, and whether supplying goods or providing services.

A local company expects the following benefits from joint production with a multinational company.

1. MNCs can provide money for additional investments, like buying new machines for faster production.
2. MNCs might bring with them the latest technology for production.

A medium of exchange is an intermediary instrument used to facilitate the sale, purchase or trade of goods between parties. For an instrument to function as a medium of exchange, it must represent a standard of value accepted by all parties. In modern economies, the medium of exchange is currency.

The policies of the government under the Act of 1956 sought to ensure the dominance of Sinhala speaking people in Sri Lanka.

According to the National Forest Policy, nearly 33% of forest area should be in a country.