Self Help Groups (SHGs) are informal groups that consist of people who face similar problems. These people come together to form a group to overcome their common problems to improve their standard of living. ... This amount acts as the fund for the SHGs and is used to provide loans to its members. The basic behind the SHGs is to provide a financial resource for the poor through organizing the rural poor especially women, into small Self Help Groups. They also provide timely loans at a responsible interest rate without collateral.

Political theories of recognition, which attempt to reconfigure the concept of justice in terms of due or withheld recognition, can be contrasted with (but set alongside) the rise of multiculturalism, which has produced an array of literature focused on recognising, accommodating and respecting difference. Although these two trajectories overlap, there are important differences between them. Multicultural politics is rooted in the identity politics underlying various social movements that gained prominence during the 1960s, such as the civil rights movement and radical/cultural feminism. These movements tend to emphasise the distinctness and value of their cultural identity and demand group-specific rights to protect this uniqueness. Without depreciating identity politics and multiculturalism, this article is primarily concerned with political theories of recognition, particularly those formulated by Charles Taylor (who is also a prominent figure in multicultural politics), Nancy Fraser and Axel Honneth. These focus on the role played by recognition in individual identity formation and the normative foundation this can provide to theories of justice.

Karol kurpinski

 Karol Kurpinski celebrated the national struggle through his operas and music, turning folk dances like polonaise and mazurka into nationalist symbols.

Democratic responsiveness concerns the degree to which government policies match public preferences. ... Democracies are often judged by the degree to which leaders respond to public preferences. Democracy provides a responsive government as it is formed by elected representatives of the people. These representatives discuss the problems of the society and make policies and programmes accordingly. The representatives also ensure that the programmes are implemented.

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Prudential reason: It helps in reducing the possibility of conflict between two parties. Moral reason: Decenteralisation of power i.e power can be shared between center, state and local government.

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India has a long tradition of manufacturing sugar. References of sugar making by the Indians are found even in the Atharva Veda. India is rightly called the homeland of sugar. But in ancient times, only gur and khandsari were made and modem sugar industry came on the Indian scene only in the middle of the 19th century, when it was introduced by the Dutch in North Bihar in about 1840.

1. It must be in writing: A cheque must be in writing. An oral order to pay does not constitute a cheque.

2. It should be drawn on banker: It is always drawn on a specified banker. A cheque can be drawn on a bank where the drawer has an account, saving bank, or current.

3. It contains an unconditional order to pay: A cheque cannot be drawn so as to be payable conditionally. The drawer’s order to the drawee bank must be unconditional and should not make the cheque payable dependent on a contingency. A conditional cheque shall be invalid.

Wheat

Wheat: This is the second most important cereal crop. It is the main food crop, in north and north-western part of the country. This rabi crop requires a cool growing season and a bright sunshine at the time of ripening.

Pata Nahi

As we get flour from wheat similarly we get rice from paddy

Konsi Duniya me hai

Indian state China ???

Indian state????

China

Intensive subsistence farming is practised in Punjab,some parts of Rajasthan ,Uttar Pradesh, Madhaya Pradesh in India. It is a type of farming different from subsistence as more chemical fertilizers and modern means of agriculture are practised intensively by a individual farmer working on a small field.

Sabhi question tum hi pooch lo

In intensive subsistence agriculture, the farmer cultivates a small plot of land using simple tools and more labour. ... Farmers use their small land holdings to produce enough for their local consumption, while remaining produce is used for exchange against other goods. Subsistence agriculture is practised on small patches of land with the help of primitive tools like dao, hoe and digging sticks. Commercial farming is done on large scale with the use of huge doses of modern inputs e.g. HYV seeds, chemical fertilizers, insecticides and pesticides.

¤The POONA PACT is an agreement between M.K. Gandhi and B.R. Ambedkar signed in the Yerwada Central Jail, Poona on September 24th, 1932 on behalf of the depressed class for the reservation of the electoral seats in the Legislature of the British Government. POONA PACT–IMPORTANT FACTS: #Dr Ambedkar was in favour of a separate electorate for the Depressed Classes and this was laid down by him in the First Round Table Conference. He was representing the Depressed Classes in the conference. #Gandhi was against this idea and when PM Macdonald decided to grant communal awards to minorities and the Depressed Classes, he undertook a fast whilst in jail in Poona. #Due to public pressure to end the fast unto death, Dr Ambedkar and Gandhi made the Poona Pact which laid down reserved seats for the Depressed Classes in the provincial legislatures for which elections would be through joint electorates. #Gandhi was against this idea because he did not want to view the untouchables as being outside the folds of Hinduism. #Certain seats for the provincial legislatures would be reserved for the Depressed Classes. The number of seats was based on the total strength of the Provincial Councils. The number of seats reserved for the provinces was 30 for Madras, 8 for Punjab, 14 for Bombay with Sindh, 20 for the Central Provinces, 18 for Bihar and Orissa, 30 for Bengal, 7 for Assam and 20 for the United Provinces. So, in total there were 147 reserved seats. #For each of these seats, the members of the Depressed Classes who could vote would form an electoral college. This Electoral College would elect a panel of four candidates who belong to the Depressed Classes. These candidates would be elected on the basis of a single vote. Four candidates getting the highest number of votes would be elected. #Then these four candidates would stand in the election for the assembly along with the general candidates where the general electorate would vote. The members of the Depressed Classes hence got a ‘double vote’ since they could vote under the general electorate also. #Even in the Central Legislature, the same principle of the joint electorate and reserved seats was to be followed. #In the Central Legislature, 19% of the seats would be reserved for the Depressed Classes. #This system would continue for ten years unless a mutual agreement consents to terminate it earlier. #Fair representation of the Depressed Classes would be ensured by all means. #Nobody would be discriminated against on the basis of caste on matters regarding election to the local bodies or in public services appointments. #A certain sum of money from the educational grant would be allotted for the education of the Depressed Classes in all provinces. HoPe It HeLpS yOu??

Dr B.R. Ambedkar, who organised the dalits into the Depressed Classes Association in 1930, clashed with Mahatma Gandhi at the second Round Table Conference by demanding separate electorates for dalits. When the British government conceded Ambedkar’s demand, Gandhiji began a fast unto death. He believed that separate electorates for dalits would slow down the process of their integration into society. Ambedkar ultimately accepted Gandhiji’s position and the result was the Poona Pact of September 1932. It gave the Depressed Classes (later to be known as the Schedule Castes) reserved seats in provincial and central legislative councils, but they were to be voted in by the general electorate

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Development is the stage of an application before it's made public while production is the term used for the same application when it's made public. A Development environment is where you configure, customize, and use source control to build an image of the Wave set application to be promoted to another environment. ... A Test environment is where you test your upgrade procedure against controlled data and perform controlled testing of the resulting Wave set application.

Some of the Muslim political organisations in India were also lukewarm in their response to the Civil Disobedience Movement. After the decline of the Non-Cooperation-Khilafat movement, a large section of Muslims felt alienated from the Congress. From the mid-1920s the Congress came to be more visibly associated with openly Hindu religious nationalist groups like the Hindu Mahasabha. As relations between Hindus and Muslims worsened, each community organised religious processions with militant fervour, provoking Hindu-Muslim communal clashes and riots in various cities. Every riot deepened the distance between the two communities.

Disguised employment means that more number of people employed in an economic activity than required. If these extra people are removed, there will be no effect on the production. ... They divide the work but do not increase production. Disguised unemployment does not help to enhance the productivity of the country. More than half of the workers in the country are working in the Primary sector, mainly in agriculture, producing only a quarter of the GDP. ... If we move a few people put from agricultural sector, production will not be affected.

Energy minerals include coal, oil, natural gas and uranium. Metals have a wide variety of uses. For example, iron (as steel) is used in cars or for frames of buildings, copper is used in electrical wiring, and aluminium is used in aircraft and to make drink cans. Precious metals are used in jewellery and mobile phones. 

Buildings use a wide range of minerals:

• iron (as steel) in the framework of large building,
• clay in bricks and roofing tiles,
• slate for roofing tiles,
• limestone,
• clay,
• shale and gypsum in cement,
• gypsum in plaster,
• silica sand in window glass,

Giuseppe Mazzini born in Genoa in 1807, was an Italian revolutionary. He was a member of the secret society of the Carbonari. At the age of 24, he was sent into exile in 1831 for attempting a revolution in Liguria. He founded underground societies named ‘Young Italy’ in Marseilles and ‘Young Europe’ in Berne, whose members were like-minded young men from Poland, France, Italy and the German States. HoPe It HeLpS yOu??

A party system is a concept in comparative political science concerning the system of government by political parties in a democratic country. The idea is that political parties have basic similarities: they control the government, have a stable base of mass popular support, and create internal mechanisms for controlling funding, information and nominations.

The concept was originated by European scholars studying the United States, especially James Bryce and Moisey Ostrogorsky, and has been expanded to cover other democracies. Giovanni Sartori devised the most widely used classification method for party systems. 

India's per capita net national income or NNI was around 135 thousand rupees in financial year 2020. In contrast, the gross national income at constant prices stood at over 128 trillion rupees. In national income accounting, net national income (NNI) is net national product (NNP) minus indirect taxes. Net national income encompasses the income of households, businesses, and the government. ... G = Government spending. NX = net exports (exports minus imports) = (X – M)

What are the different form of hour sharing in modern democracies ? Example of each of these

 

The trade between two or more countries is known as Foreign trade. Foreign trade comprises of exports and imports. The inflow of goods in a country is called imports and the outflow of goods from a country is called export. 

For example export of tea from India to US or import of car parts from Germany to India.

Foreign investment involves flow of capital and from one country to another country. Foreign investment comprises of Foreign Direct Investment  and Foreign Portfolio Investment.

For example investment made by a MNC in another country is termed as foreign investment

• An MNC is a company that owns or controls production in more than one nation.
• These companies set up offices and factories for production in regions where they can get cheap labour and other resources.
• This is done to ensure that the cost of production remains low and MNCs can earn greater profits.

MNC(Multi National Company) is a company that owns or controls production in more than one nation. These companies set up offices and factories for production in regions where they get cheap labour and other resources. This is done to ensure that the cost of production remains low and these companies can earn greater profits. HoPe It HeLpS yOu??

What is your question vanshika

democracy being based on the principle of equality is likely to promote greater Social Justice. democratic loss work for the betterment of the people as a whole. the way in which democracies have been able to reduce inequality and poverty are: i)women have been given equal rights like those of men in most of democratic countries like India. ii)special efforts have been made to uplift the weaker sections of the society (like the scheduled and Scheduled Tribes), so that they could live with dignity and honour. iii)democracy is everywhere try to provide a fair share to every citizen in the natural resources of the country. iv) in almost all democratic countries of the world poor people are given many concentration but Richa classes are made to pay more income tax.

Democracy accommodates social diversity as it allows for equality, fair representation to all irrespective of their caste, creed, colour, race, religion, language or place of residence.

Democracy also ensures that the government should not be made by the majority but it should have the representation of minorities as well

there is a tendency of gender discrimination everywhere in the world Woman are discriminated in one way or the other

India is a secular country and it never tries to give undue preference to any language

Democracy is best form of government to accommodate social diversities if it must fulfills some basic conditions. They are:

 

Free and fair elections.

Majority rule should not be in terms of religion or race or linguistic groups.

Majority should always work in consonance with the minority.

India is witnessing the third stage of demographic transition from 1971. During the 1970s, the country witnessed a decline in death rate which was almost the same as the decline in birth rate, leading to a plateau in population growth in 1960s and 1970s.

1.dynastic successions 2.muscle power 3.lack of internal democracy 4.the whole power lies in the hands of few