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Neuron |
Nephron |
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It is the basic cell of the nervous system. |
It is the functional unit of the kidney. |
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Neurons are used for rapid transmission of impulses within the body. |
Nephron carries out the filtration of blood and removal of waste materials in the form of urine. |
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Neuron is a single cell. |
Nephron is made up of many cells of different types. |
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 1 month ago
Parthenocarpy is the production of fruits without the fertilisation of ovules. Fruits like banana and figs are developed without fertilisation and do not produce any viable seeds.
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 1 month ago
The working together of various organs of human being in a systematic, controlled and efficient way to produce a proper response to various stimuli is known as coordination. In humans, the nervous and hormonal system together perform this control and coordination. Nervous system consists of receptors that receive the stimulus from surrounding environment and send the message received by them to the spinal Cord and brain in form of electrical impulses through the sensory nerves. The motor nerves then transmit the response to the effector. The effectors are mainly the muscles and glands of our body. Thus, endocrine glands secreting hormones are directly or indirectly controlled by the nervous system. Hence, control and coordination in humans (or animals) depends on two things for transmitting information, i.e. chemical signals of hormones and nerve impulses.
If they depended only on nerve impulses through nerve cells, only a limited range of tissues would be stimulated. Since, they get additional chemical signals as well, a large number of tissues are stimulated. This is why animals can show a wide range of response to stimulus.
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Following are the points of Darwin’s theory of natural selection:
Over-production: Every organism has enormous potential to reproduce.
Struggle for existence: Population size of an organism is limited due to struggle between the members of same species as well as the members of different species. It is due to struggle for food, space and mate.
Variation: Due to struggle, the fit organisms possess some variations which are favourable, and they can leave the progeny to continue the favourable variations.
Survival of the fittest: The fittest organism survive to continue the favourable variations.
Formation of a new species: These variations when accumulated for a long time, leads to the origin of a new species.
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Sonorous: Property of an element to produce sound when it is struck with a hard substance.
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Homologous Organs |
Analaogous Organs |
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Homologous organs have similar origin n basic structure but perform different functions in different organisms |
Analogous organs are different in basic structure but perform same functions. |
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Homologous organs show divergent evolution |
Analogous organs show convergent evolution. |
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They develop in related organisms. |
They develop in unrelated organisms. |
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Example- Forelimb of a frog and man seem to be built from the same basic design of bones but they perform different functions. |
Example- Wings of birds and bats look similar. But in bi |
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