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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 5 months ago
A point mass attached to a light inextensible string and suspended from fixed support is called a simple pendulum. The vertical line passing through the fixed support is the mean position of a simple pendulum.
The vertical distance between the point of suspension and the centre of mass of the suspended body (when it is in mean position) is called the length of the simple pendulum denoted by L.
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 5 months ago
Glucose is the vital energy source for all the organisms. The nutrition consumed is converted into carbohydrates in which glucose is the key ingredient. The glucose is oxidized to provide energy to the organism. We know glucose is a huge molecule and breaks down into different smaller units. At first glucose which contains 6 carbon molecules is broken in the cytoplasm of cells of all organisms. In this process we obtain a 3 carbon molecule compound called pyruvate. Further break down of pyruvate takes place in different manners in different organisms. Following are the different ways in which the breakdown of glucose takes place
Anaerobic Respiration: The anaerobic respiration process takes place in the absence of oxygen. For example: In yeast during fermentation. In this process the pyruvate is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide.
Aerobic Respiration: In aerobic respiration, breakdown of pyruvate takes place in the presence of oxygen to give rise to 3 molecules of carbon dioxide and water. The release of energy in aerobic respiration is much more than anaerobic respiration.
Lack of Oxygen: At times when there is a lack of oxygen in our body, mainly during vigorous activity, in our muscles, pyruvate is converted into lactic acid which is a 3 carbon molecule compound. The formation of lactic acid in muscles causes cramp.
Posted by Alok Yadav 5 years, 5 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 5 months ago
Magnetic field lines describe the structure of the magnetic field in space around the magnet.
It's a way to visualize the magnetic field.
Properties:
1) The lines start from North pole and end on south pole. The lines always make a complete loop.
2) The lines never cross over each other.
3) The magnetic force at a point is given by the tangent to the field line at that point.
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Gaurav Seth 5 years, 5 months ago
An antibody is an immunoglobulin. It is a Y shaped molecule which is basically a protein that is produced by the B cells of the immune system. Antibodies are produced in response to the exposure to antigens.
Gaurav Seth 5 years, 5 months ago
Antigens are substances that stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies. Each antigen has a distinct surface feature or epitope. Thus there is a resultant effect of a specific response. Antigens could be anything like a pathogen or bacteria or fungi or even virus. They cause diseases or allergic reactions.
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Gaurav Seth 5 years, 5 months ago
Reaction of acids with metal carbonate:
Acids give carbon dioxide gas and respective salts along with water when they react with metal carbonates.
Metal carbonate + Acid ⇨ Salt + Carbon dioxide + Water
Examples: Hydrochloric acid gives carbon dioxide gas, sodium chloride along with water when it reacts with sodium carbonate.
<i>Na2CO3 + 2HCl ⇨ 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O</i>
Hydrochloric acid gives carbon dioxide, magnesium chloride and water when it reacts with magnesium carbonate.
<i>MgCO3 + 2HCl ⇨ MgCl2 + CO2 + H2O</i>
Hydrochloric acid gives carbon dioxide gas, calcium chloride and water when it reacts with calcium carbonate.
<i>CaCO3 + 2HCl ⇨ CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O</i>
Sulphuric acid gives calcium sulphate, carbon dioxide gas, calcium sulphate and water when it reacts with calcium carbonate.
<i>CaCO3 + H2SO4 ⇨ CaSO4 + CO2 + H2O</i>
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 5 months ago
Fermentation occurs in yeast cells and bacteria and also in the muscles of animals. It is an anaerobic pathway in which glucose is broken down. The processes that use an organic molecule to regenerate NAD+ and NADH are collectively referred to as fermentation.

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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 5 months ago
The meaning of velocity of an object can be defined as the rate of change of the object’s position with respect to a frame of reference and time. It might sound complicated but velocity is basically speeding in a specific direction. It is a vector quantity, which means we need both magnitude (speed) and direction to define velocity. The SI unit of it is meter per second (ms-1) if there is a change in magnitude or the direction in the velocity of a body the body is said to be accelerating.
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