Diffusion refers to the process by which molecules intermingle as a result of their kinetic energy of random motion. Diffusion is the net movement of molecules or atoms from a region of high concentration (or high chemical potential) to a region of low concentration.

Because

The diameter of the circular track is given as 200 m. That is, 2r=200 m.
From this radius is calculated as Radius, r = 100 m.
In 40 sec the athlete complete one round. So, in 2 mins and 20 secs, that is, 140 sec the athlete will complete = 140 / 40 = 3.5 (three and a half) rounds.
One round is considered as the circumference of the circular track.
The distance covered in 140 sec = 2πr×3.5=2×3.14×100×3.5=2200 m.
For each complete round the displacement is zero. Therefore for 3 complete rounds, the displacement will be zero.
At the end of his motion, the athlete will be in the diametrically opposite position. That is, displacement = diameter = 200 m.
Hence, the distance covered is 2200 m and the displacement is 200 m.

The inertia of motion can be understood as follows: For a body that is already in a state of motion, it will have a tendency to continue in exactly the same state of motion (with the same speed and the same direction) unless an external unbalanced force acts upon it to change that state of motion. Some common examples of the inertia of motion that can be observed in our daily lives include:

1. While sitting in the passenger’s position on a motorcycle, the sudden application of brakes by the driver causes the passenger to experience a push in the forward direction. This is because the passenger is in a state of motion in the forward direction and the inertia of motion always opposes the change in the state of motion.
2. When the passenger of a bus attempts to jump out of the moving bus, the inertia of motion causes him or her to fall down or temporarily lose his/her balance. This is because when the passenger jumps, the inertia of motion of the body tends to oppose the change in state of the body (it wants to continue in the state of motion of the bus rather than coming to a state of rest).

the object resist a change in the state of motion

The rate of change in velocity is called acceleration

The rate of change in velocity is called acceleration

In simple words we can tell acceleration as the change in the speed(velocity) For an instance, when someone drives a car then in the roads there are some barriers (stones, pits, etc) which may increase the speed of the car at some intervals. The increament made by the car is the actual acceleration. Coming to the definition acceleration can be defined as the change in velocity that is the final velocity-initial velocity divided by time. v-u/t Hope this would help ??

average velocity = total displacement/ total time

The displacement per unit time called velocity.

average speed = total distance / total time So, total distance= 40 +50km = 90 km/h and total time = 1hr +1h = 2hr 90 / 2= 45 km/h I hope this is helpful for u?

Thank you ma'am

Atoms exist in free states in the form of molecule. ... Molecules may be formed by the combination of atoms of two or more different elements. For example molecule of water. It is formed by the combination of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. Hope this would help??

A=v-u/t

a= v-u/t

a = v - u/t

Acceleration is the rate of change in velocity to the change in time. It is denoted by symbol a and is articulated as- 

a = Change in velocity/ Time taken

a= v-u/t

Lion ,tiger,cheetah are carnivorous mammals

Human is the best example of all as like omnivorous.

? ?

Following are some of the examples of carnivorous animals:

• Carnivorous mammals include tiger, lion, cheetah, etc.
• Black eagle, kite, hawk are carnivorous birds.
• Alligator, crocodile, snake, komodo dragon are some of the carnivorous reptiles.
• Whale, shark, tuna are carnivorous fish.

-------------KING-----------

Cell is generally composed of three basic components: (i) Cell wall and cell membrane Cell Wall is found in plant cells outside the plasma membrane. It is a rigid covering made up of cellulose which a complex substance is providing structural support to the plants. The contents of the cell wall contracts during loss of water in plant cells by the process of osmosis. Due to the presence of cell wall plant cells can withstand greater changes in the surrounding media due to the exertion of equal pressure to the cell when it swells up by taking up water through osmosis in a hypnotic media. (ii) Nucleus The nucleus is small, round and membrane bound structure found in cell. The fluid inside the nucleus surrounded by nuclear membrane is called nucleoplasm. It controls the cell’s growth and reproduction because it contains cell's hereditary information. It is covered by dual layer called nuclear membrane. The nuclear membrane contains pores due to which materials can travel both inside the nucleus from its outer surrounding i.e. cytoplasm. (iii) Cytoplasm A thick solution composed of water, salts, and proteins that fills the cell is called cytoplasm. It is surrounded by cell membrane. The nucleus of the cell is surrounded by the cytoplasm

Cell is generally composed of three basic components:

(i) Cell wall  and cell membrane

• Cell Wall is found in plant cells outside the plasma membrane.
• It is a rigid covering made up of cellulose which a complex substance is providing structural support to the plants.
• The contents of the cell wall contracts during loss of water in plant cells by the process of osmosis.
• Due to the presence of cell wall plant cells can withstand greater changes in the surrounding media due to the exertion of equal pressure to the cell when it swells up by taking up water through osmosis in a hypnotic media.

(ii) Nucleus

• The nucleus is small, round and membrane bound structure found in cell.
• The fluid inside the nucleus surrounded by nuclear membrane is called nucleoplasm.
• It controls the cell’s growth and reproduction because it contains cell's hereditary information.
• It is covered by dual layer called nuclear membrane.
• The nuclear membrane contains pores due to which materials can travel both inside the nucleus from its outer surrounding i.e. cytoplasm.

(iii) Cytoplasm

• A thick solution composed of water, salts, and proteins that fills the cell is called cytoplasm.
• It is surrounded by cell membrane.
• The nucleus of the cell is surrounded by the cytoplasm

The main function of bones are:

1. To serve as storage for minerals.
2. To provide structural support.
3. To protect the internal organs of the body.

Cartilage

It is a thin, fibrous, flexible connective tissue, which is mainly found in the external ear, larynx, respiratory tract, and the articulating surface of the joints. These cartilages lack blood vessels; therefore, the growth and development of these tissues are slower compared to that of other tissues.

The natural tendency of an object to resist a change in the state of rest or motion in a straight line unless compelled to change it's state by an external force is called as inertia. Mass of an object determine the inertia of the body.

The tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion varies with mass. Mass is that quantity that is dependent upon the intertia of an object.

The inertia of a body depends on its mass.    

Answer = Colloidal solution is a heterogeneous mixture. Size of solute particles is between 1nm or 1000nm. Particles cannot pass through filter paper. . Stable and settle only on centrifugation. This is a heterogeneous mixture. It consists of two phases. 1 . Dispersed phase = component present in large proportion. 2.dispersion phase = component present in large proportion.

IMPORTANCE OF BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT

1. Identification of opportunities to get first mover advantage: Understanding of business environment helps an organization in identifying advantageous opportunities and getting their benefits prior to competitors, thus reaping the benefits of being a pioneer.

2. Identification of threats: Correct knowledge of business environment helps an organization to identify those threats which may adversely affect its operations. For example, Bajaj Auto made considerable improvements in its two wheelers when Honda & other companies entered the auto industry.

3. Tapping useful resources: Business environment makes available various resources such as capital, labour, machines, raw material etc. toa business firm. In order to know the availability of resources and making them available on time at economical price, knowledge of business environment is necessary.

4. Coping with Rapid changes: Continuous study/scanning of business environment helps in knowing the changes which are taking place and thus they can be faced effectively.

5. Assistance in planning and policy formulation: Understanding and analysis of business environment helps an organization in planning &policy formulation. For example, ITC Hotels planned new hotels in India after observing boom in tourism sector.

A colloidal solution is a type of a mixture which consists of particles whose size varies between 1 to 1000 nanometers. Physical properties of colloids The nature of the colloidal solution is heterogeneous i.e. unlike. These solutions dwell with two different phases: Dispersed medium Dispersed phase Despite the fact that colloidal dispersions are unlike in description (nature), yet the dispersed fragments are not detectable by the human eye. This is due to the microscopic size of the particles in the solution. The color of the colloidal dispersion is determined by particles in the solution based on their size. The wavelengths of light that is absorbed will be longer if the size of the particle is large. As a result of its size, the colloidal fragments can easily be passed through a traditional filter paper. However, these particles can be filtered by using membranes such as animal, cellophane, and ultrafilters.

To calculate the value of g, we should put the values of G, M and R in Eq. (9), namely, universal gravitational constant,

G = 6.7 × 10^–11 N m² kg^-2, mass of the earth,
M = 6 × 10²⁴ kg, and radius of the earth,
R = 6.4 × 10⁶ m.

 g=G M/R²

  6.7 10^-11 N m² kg^-2 6 10²⁴ kg / (6.4 10⁶ m)²  = 9.8 m s^–2.

Thus, the value of acceleration due to gravity of the earth, g = 9.8 m s^–2.

Inverse proportion is the relationship between two variables when their product is equal to a constant value. When the value of one variable increases, the other decreases, so their product is unchanged. y is inversely proportional to x when the equation takes the form: y = k/x or xy = k where k is a constant In contrast, directly proportional variables increase or decrease with each other. Inversely Proportional Examples Speed and travel time are inversely proportional. The faster you go, the less time it takes to complete your trip. The volume of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of the gas (Boyle's Law) 2. Direct proportion is the relationship between two variables when their ratio is equal to a constant value. Examples: The volume of an ideal gas is directly proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas (Charles' Law) If you get paid by the hour, the more you work the more you will get paid. If you earn $15/hour and work 2 hours, you will earn $30 (Not including taxes, etc.) and if you work 4 hours, you will earn $60. The ratio of money earned to hours worked is 15 to 1 or $15/hour

Inversely means that when any objects value increases then other object's value decreases EXAMPLE- to go to any distance if our speed is high or fast then our time will decrease means it will take less time to reach our destination Directly means when any object's value increases then other object's value also increases EXAMPLE- to travel any distance if our speed is fast then we will reach the distance faster. Over here when the speed fasten then our distance gap also gets faster to cover. Hope this would help ??

Gravitation

Earth attracts everything towards it by an unseen force of attraction. This force of attraction is known as gravitation or gravitational pull.

Universal Law of Gravitation

Every object in the universe attracts other object by a force of attraction, called gravitation, which is directly proportional to the product of masses of the objects and inversely proportional to the square of distance between them. This is called Law of Gravitation or Universal Law of Gravitation.

Let masses (M) and (m) of two objects are distance (d) apart. Let F  be the attractional force between two masses.

 

Air is a homogeneous mixture and can be separated into its components by fractional distillation. The flow diagram given under shows the steps of the process.

If we want oxygen gas from air, we have to separate out all the other gases present in the air. The air is compressed by increasing the pressure and is then cooled by decreasing the temperature to get liquid air. This liquid air is allowed to warm-up slowly in a fractional distillation column, where gases get separated at different heights depending upon their boiling points.

Average speed = total distance travelled/ total time taken = 4m+6m/2sec+5sec= 10m/7sec= 1.42 m/s

The gravitational force of the earth is responsible for holding the atmosphere above the earth; for the rain falling to the earth; and for the flow of water in the rivers. It is also the gravitational force of earth, which keeps us firmly on the ground. Though the various objects on this earth attract one another constantly, they do not cause any motion because the gravitational force of attraction between them is very small. When two bodies or objects are very big, having large masses, then the gravitational force of attraction between them becomes extremely large. For example the sun, the moon and the earth have extremely large masses, therefore, the gravitational force of attraction between the sun and the earth or other planets or between the earth and the moon, is extremely large. Through this article we will discuss how gravitational force holds the solar system together.

Chromatography

In textbook it is in activity

Dyes are seperated by the process called column chromatography.

Steps-

• packing of column with adsorbing substance like sillica gel etc
• Wetting of column using suitable solvent
• running of mixture across the column
• running if same solvent used earlier
• collection of the seperate components.

By chromotography the dye from red ink can be separated.

We can spreate by chromotography

With eveproration sepreat sodium chloride from its solution in water

When a battery lights a bulb, first energy transformation takes place in the battery and then in the bulb. In the battery, the chemical energy gets converted into electrical energy. In the bulb, the electrical energy from the bulb gets converted into heat energy and then into light energy.

Science is the pursuit and application of knowledge and understanding of the natural and social world following a systematic methodology based on evidence. Scientific methodology includes the following: Objective observation: Measurement and data (possibly although not necessarily using mathematics as a tool).  Natural sciences include physics, chemistry, biology, geology and astronomy. ... Science produces accurate facts, scientific laws and theories. 'Science' also refers to the large amount of knowledge that has been found using this process.

Nucleus The nucleus is small, round and membrane bound structure found in cell. The fluid inside the nucleus surrounded by nuclear membrane is called nucleoplasm. It controls the cell’s growth and reproduction because it contains cell's hereditary information. It is covered by dual layer called nuclear membrane. The nuclear membrane contains pores due to which materials can travel both inside the nucleus from its outer surrounding i.e. cytoplasm. The nucleus contains some thread like structures called chromatin. It exists during the resting stage of cell. The chromatin contains DNA (Deoxy-ribo nucleic acid), RNA (Ribo Nucleic acid) and proteins. The nucleus contains some rod shaped structures in a cell that contains the hereditary information. They are called chromosome. They are formed when the chromatin condenses together when the cell is about to divide. Chromosomes contain DNA and nuclear proteins. They contain the hereditary information for inheritance of features from the parents to the offspring as DNA. The DNA molecules contain the information for construction and organization of cells. Genes are the functional segments of DNA. Human body has 23 pairs of *** chromosomes. A boy has one X chromosome and one Y chromosome whereas a girl has two X chromosomes. The nucleus of cell divides itself to give rise to new offsprings. Genes present in the chromosomes decide the hereditary characters.

Nucleus

The nucleus is small, round and membrane bound structure found in cell.

The fluid inside the nucleus surrounded by nuclear membrane is called nucleoplasm.

It controls the cell’s growth and reproduction because it contains cell's hereditary information.

It is covered by dual layer called nuclear membrane.

The nuclear membrane contains pores due to which materials can travel both inside the nucleus from its outer surrounding i.e. cytoplasm.

Fig. Nucleus of a Cell

The nucleus contains some thread like structures called chromatin. It exists during the resting stage of cell.

The chromatin contains DNA (Deoxy-ribo nucleic acid), RNA (Ribo Nucleic acid) and proteins.

The nucleus contains some rod shaped structures in a cell that contains the hereditary information. They are called chromosome.

They are formed when the chromatin condenses together when the cell is about to divide.

Chromosomes contain DNA and nuclear proteins.

They contain the hereditary information for inheritance of features from the parents to the offspring as DNA.

The DNA molecules contain the information for construction and organization of cells. Genes are the functional segments of DNA.

Human body has 23 pairs of *** chromosomes. A boy has one X chromosome and one Y chromosome whereas a girl has two X chromosomes.

The nucleus of cell divides itself to give rise to new offsprings.

Genes present in the chromosomes decide the hereditary characters.

Hindi me please answer

 

a) Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) forms a continuous network extending from the cell membrane to the nuclear membrane. In many parts of the cell the endoplasmic reticulum is associated with ribosomes, lying along the outer border of its membrane. They impart a rough appearance and are known as rough ER. In some instances, the ER is not associated with ribosomes and then it is said to be smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER).

b) The RER is concerned with the transport of proteins which are made by ribosomes on its surface. On the contrary, the SER plays an especially important role in the synthesis and assembly of glycolipids.

I want the full solution step by step please

Distance=44cm displacement=28cm

• <font face="arial, sans-serif"><font size="2">Storage - refrigerated warehouse storage or refrigerated traucks to keep food fresh for a longer period of time</font></font>
• <font face="arial, sans-serif"><font size="2">Farming technology - Use of HYV, irrigation technnology, chemical fertilisers and pesticides, machinery to increase crop yields (Green Revolution)</font></font>
• <font face="arial, sans-serif"><font size="2">Multiple cropping and crop rotation e.g.Baranja in Garhwal Himalaya, India involces growing 12 or more crops on the same field</font></font>
• <font face="arial, sans-serif"><font size="2">Water and soil conservation</font></font>
• Support local farmers
• The awareness of the pressures of increasing population growth and consumption patterns on ecosystem functioning should be created to sensitize farmers on adoption of sustainable crop cultivation and management practices.
• Food security in India can be achieved by paying higher attention to issues such as climate change, limiting global warming, including the promotion of climate-smart agricultural production systems and land use policies at a scale to help adapt and mitigate ill effects of climate change.