1. Murshid Quli Khan was an excellent administrator and a man of extraordinary abilities.
2. He freed Bengal from external and internal dangers.
3. He established stability, peace and prosperity in the state.

The Parliament, while in session, begins with a question hour. The question hour is an important mechanism through which MPs can elicit information about the working of the government. This is a very important way through which the Parliament controls the executive. By asking questions the government is alerted to its shortcomings, and also comes to know the opinion of the people through their representatives in the Parliament, i.e. the MPs. Asking questions of the government is a crucial task for every MP. The Opposition parties play a critical role in the healthy functioning of a democracy. They highlight drawbacks in various policies and programmes of the government and mobilise popular support for their own policies.

The Parliament in India consists of the President, the Rajya Sabha and the Lok Sabha. After the Lok Sabha elections, a list is prepared showing how many MPs belong to each political party. For a political party to form the government, they must have a majority of elected MPs. Since there are 543 elected (plus 2 nominated) members in Lok Sabha, to have a majority a party should have at least half the number i.e. 272 members or more. The Opposition in Parliament is formed by all the political parties that oppose the majority party/coalition formed. The largest amongst these parties is called the Opposition party.

One of the most important functions of the Lok Sabha is to select the executive. The executive is a group of persons who work together to implement the laws made by the Parliament.

The Prime Minister of India is the leader of the ruling party in the Lok Sabha. From the MPs who belong to her party, the Prime Minister selects ministers to work with her to implement decisions. These ministers then take charge of different areas of government functioning like health, education, finance etc.

The Rajya Sabha functions primarily as the representative of the states of India in the Parliament. The Rajya Sabha can also initiate legislation and a bill is required to pas through the Rajya Sabha in order to become a law. It, therefore, has an important role of reviewing and altering (if alterations are needed) the laws initiated by the Lok Sabha. The members of the Rajya Sabha are elected by the elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of various states. There are 233 elected members plus 12 members nominated by the President.

While the Indian State follows the strategy of positive intervention, the American State strictly follows the policy of the separation of religion from politics and does not interfere in the religious activities of any religion. The same is the case with France. 

The East India Company was facing successive invasion from the north and west The empire was about to come to an end, so they began trading in different commodities that included opium, indigo and sugar. They served as the luxury product for the Indians and thus caused a massive increase in the revenues. They became he coin of exchange, revenues kept growing from their trading and profit margins grew to incredible extent. 

The total recoverable reserves of iron ore in India are about 9,602 million tonnes of hematite and 3,408 million tonnes of magnetite. Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Jharkhand, Odisha, Goa, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu are the principal Indian producers of iron ore.

न्याय कानूनी या दार्शनिक सिद्धांत है जिसके द्वारा निष्पक्षता का प्रशासन किया जाता है। न्याय की अवधारणा प्रत्येक संस्कृति में भिन्न होती है।

Because it may happen that the person accused is under the pressure of the police and then gave the statement, which can't be considered as an evidence.

It is because they feel that the intention behind such laws is unfair and harmful.

1. To Give Justice to the people: The first and foremost function of the judiciary is to give justice to the people, whenever they may approach it. It awards punishment to those who after trial are found guilty of violating the laws of the state or the rights of the people.

2. Interpretation and Application of Laws: One of the major functions of the judiciary is to interpret and apply laws to specific cases. In the course of deciding the disputes that come before it, the judges interpret and apply laws. Every law needs a proper interpretation for getting applied to every specific case. This function is performed by the judges. The law means what the judges interpret it to mean.

3. Role in Law-making: The judiciary also plays a role in law-making. The decisions given by the courts really determine the meaning, nature and scope of the laws passed by the legislature. The interpretation of laws by the judiciary amounts to law-making as it is these interpretations which really define the laws.

The Indian Constitution provides for the independence of the judiciary. It means that other branches of the State such as the legislature and the executive cannot interfere in the work of the judiciary. The courts are not under the government and do not act on their behalf. The courts ensure that there is no misuse of power of the legislature and the executive. Anyone can approach the courts if they find that their Fundamental Rights have been violated. Thus, the courts are not influenced by anyone, not even by the rich and powerful people.

The first tidal power station was the Rance tidal power plant built over a period of 6 years from 1960 to 1966 at La Rance, France. It has 240 MW installed capacity.

OR

On November 26, 1966, French President Charles de Gaulle opened the world's first tidal power station on the Rance Estuary in Brittany, France

Following are three arguements against democracy are:

1. Change in leaders from time to time (elections) can bring about instability in the government.
2. There is a consumption of excessive time for taking decisions because of consultation to many people, which leads to delays.
3. Many a times elected leaders are only bothered about the power and politics making them insentive to people's requirement.

The word Dikus means outsiders.Dikus were the people who made the tribal people depend on them, thereby causing them a lot of misery and suffering. The outsiders consist of traders and money lenders, who can come into the forest . They used to sell the goods not produced in the forests and offer cash loans with high rate of interests.  

the group of people with the authority to govern a country or state; a particular ministry in office.

• The Sedition act of 1870, stated that any person protesting or criticizing the British Government would be arrested without trial.
• The people were not allowed to express themselves, they were not allowed to form groups and discuss, the press was not allowed to write against the government’s decision. Hence the Sedition Act was arbitrary.
• The Rule of Law states that any rule must be applicable to everyone, however as per the Sedition Act of 1870, only the Indians would be arrested without the trial while it was not applicable to the Britishers. Hence the Act contradicted the Rule of Law.

An alloy is a metallic intimately mixed solid mixture of two or more different elements, at least one of which is metal. In molten state alloys are homogeneous and in solid state they may be homogeneous or heterogeneous.

Conventional sources of energy are those sources that are likely to get exhausted very soon. For example oil, gas and coal. 

1. By minimizing and reducing the use of fire and fire products.
2. Since industrial emissions are one of the major causes of air pollution, the pollutants can be controlled or treated at the source itself to reduce its effects. For example, if the reactions of a certain raw material yield a pollutant, then the raw materials can be substituted with other less polluting materials.
3. Fuel substitution is another way of controlling air pollution. In many parts of India, petrol and diesel are being replaced by CNG – Compressed Natural Gas fuelled vehicles. These are mostly adopted by vehicles that aren’t fully operating with ideal emission engines.
4. Although there are many practices in India which focus on repairing the quality of air, most of them are either forgotten or not being enforced properly. There are still a lot of vehicles on roads which haven’t been tested for vehicle emissions.
5. Another way of controlling air pollution caused by industries is to modify and maintain existing equipments so that the emission of pollutants is minimized.