Communicable diseases are illnesses caused by viruses or bacteria that people spread to one another through contact with contaminated surfaces, bodily fluids, blood products, insect bites, or through the air.

The Problem in the Patalpuram was shortage of clean drinking water and lack of sanitation causing death of people due to diseases spreading out of filth and there was inadequate medical facility for treatment of diseased people.

Public Meeting : people decided that MLA should take responsibility for eradicating the problem and providing health care.

Legislative Assembly : The need for proper sanitation and adequate healthcare was discussed by the MLAs and requested government to take immediate steps.

Press Conference : The minister elaborated the steps to be taken towards proper sanitation and health care. The water tankers to provide clean water was one of them.

Chief Minister : The chief minister promised sanctioning of funds towards the health measures and proper sanitation facility establishment.

Tropical Evergreen Forests: These forests are also called the tropical rainforests. These forests are found in the regions near the equator and close to the tropics. These regions are hot and receive plenty of rainfall throughout the year. Since rainfall is throughout the year, there is no particular dry season. Hence the trees do not shed their leaves altogether and the trees always appear green. This is the reason they are called evergreen.The trees are closely spaced. Thick canopies of these closely spaced trees do not allow sunlight to penetrate inside the forest even in day time. The following hardwood trees are common here; rosewood, ebony, mahogany, etc.

Economic discrimination occurs when people belonging to poor sections are discriminated against in offices, schools, hospitals etc. People do not take them seriously and do not treat them properly as they are poor. 

A n s w e r :
1. Barchans are a crescent-shaped shifting sand dune.
2. Barchans face the wind predominantly from one direction.
3. They are found in sandy deserts.

A n s w e r :
The epicenter is the point on the earth's surface vertically above the focus of the earthquake. Maximum damage is caused at the epicenter.A n s w e r :
The epicenter is the point on the earth's surface vertically above the focus of the earthquake. Maximum damage is caused at the epicenter.

Warm Current

Ocean currents are streams of water flowing constantly on the ocean surface in definite directions. The ocean currents may be warm or cold. The warm ocean currents originate near the equator and move towards the poles. The cold current carry water from polar or higher latitudes to tropical or lower latitudes. For example the Labrador Ocean current is a cold current while the Gulf Stream is a warm current

Morocco, Africa

Ibn Batuta belonged to Morocco, Africa and traveled to India in the fourteenth century. He is best known as a traveler and explorer, whose account documents his travels and excursions over a period of almost thirty years. Arriving in the city of Delhi in 1334, he won employment as a judge under Muhammad Tughluq.

Governor

Elections to the state legislative assembly are held every five years. Based on the result of the election, the Governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government. The Governor appoints the Chief Minister, whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly.

Mediterranean Forests

Mediterranean Forests are known as 'Orchards of the world' for their fruit cultivation. People have removed the natural vegetation here in order to cultivate what they want to. So, Citrus fruits such as oranges, figs, olives and grapes are commonly cultivated here.

1. The atmosphere blocks harmful ultra-violet radiations to reach Earth.
2. The atmosphere contains oxygen, the gas living beings need to breathe to stay alive.
3. The moisture it contains is an essential part of the water cycle.
4. Green plants need the carbon dioxide present in the atmosphere for making food.
5. Nitrogen is required for the fertility of soil and is vital for plants.

 The atmosphere is vital for life on the Earth. It helps sustain life in various ways:

1. The atmosphere acts as a blanket by trapping terrestrial radiation and keeping the warm. It ensures that there is the correct amount of heat required for life to exist.
2. The atmosphere blocks harmful ultra-violet radiations to reach Earth.
3. The atmosphere contains oxygen, the gas living beings need to breathe to stay alive.
4. The moisture it contains is an essential part of the water cycle.
5. Green plants need the carbon dioxide present in the atmosphere for making food.
6. Nitrogen is required for the fertility of soil and is vital for plants.

The Mughals recruited diverse bodies of people in order to run the empire smoothly. Those who joined Mughal service were enrolled as mansabdars.
The term mansabdar referred to an individual holding a mansab, meaning a position or rank. It was a grading system used by the Mughals to fix rank, salary and military responsibilities.
The mansabdars were assigned to military responsibilities. For this, they maintained a specified number of sawar or cavalrymen. The mansabdar brought his cavalrymen for review, got them registered, their horses branded and then received money to pay them as salary.

A n s w e r
An MLA is a member of the Legislative Assembly. They are elected by the people of their constituency. The MLAs represent the people in their constituency in the Legislative Assembly.

The term “Circle of Justice” describes the relationship between the king and his subjects. According to the “Circle of Justice”, it was important for the military commanders to keep the interests of the peasants in mind because the salaries of the soldiers came from the revenue collected from the peasants, and peasants could pay the revenue only when they were prosperous and happy. Hence, the military commanders promoted justice and honest governance. The peasants therefore lived a peaceful and safe life under the military commanders.

The term ' pan regional' was used in the sense of the areas of empires spanning diverse regions. The dynasties like cholas, khaljis, tughlaq and mughals extended their empire as pan regional. Most of the region across the subcontinent were left with the legacies of the big and small states that had ruled over them. The emergence of many shared traditions in the rules of governance. The management of the economy elite cultures were some of the prominent factors that took place as a result of pan regional.

Precipitation that comes down to the earth in the liquid form is called rain. Most of the ground water comes from rain. Plants help in preserving water. A rain gauge measures the amount of rainfall.  

Three molecules of oxygen combine to form ozone which forms a layer in stratosphere. It acts as a protective shield as it prevents harmful ultraviolet radiations to reach the earth.

The importance of ozone is defined by the fact that it protects the earth from harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun. The ozone layer is found in the upper regions of the stratosphere where it protects the earth from the harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun. These radiations can cause skin cancer in humans. The ultraviolet rays split the oxygen molecule into free oxygen atoms, these free oxygen atoms combine with the oxygen molecule to form ozone. This salient layer lies at a distance of 12-15 miles beyond the earth surface.

• Erosion turns sea arches into wall-like structures known as stacks.
• Seawaves continuously strike at the rocks and develops cracks in them forming hollow like caves known as sea caves and when these cavaties become larger with only roof remaining, they are then known as sea arches.

A sand dune is a mount, hill or ridge ofsand that lies behind the part of the beach affected by tides. They are formed over many years when windblown sand is trapped by beach grass or other stationary objects. ... Without vegetation, wind and waves regularly change the form and location of dunes.