Mountains are very useful.

1. The mountains are a storehouse of water.
2. Many rivers have their source in the glaciers in the mountains.
3. Reservoirs are made and the water is harnessed for the use of people.
4. Water from the Mountains is also used for irrigation and generation of hydro-electricity.
5. The river valleys and terraces are ideal for cultivation of crops.
6. Also, mountains have a rich variety of flora and fauna.
7. The forests provide fuel, fodder, shelter and other products like gum, raisins, etc.
8. Mountains provide an idyllic site for tourists.
9. They visit the mountains for their scenic beauty.
10. Several sports like paragliding, hang gliding, river rafting and skinning are popular in the mountains.

Vegetation regions can be divided into five major types: forest, grassland, tundra, desert, and ice sheet. Climate, soil, the ability of soil to hold water, and the slope, or angle, of the land all determine what types of plants will grow in a particular region. Vegetation of India can be divided into five types – Tropical evergreen forest, Tropical deciduous forest, Thorny bushes, Mountain vegetation and Mangrove forests.

The Mauryan Empire was founded by Chandragupta Maurya, 2,000 years back when he overthrew the Nanda King. His assistant was Chanakya, a shrewd advisor and strategic thinker. He has written a book called Arthashastra that comprises his thoughts on politics, economics, foreign affirs, administration, military arts, war and religion. 
Chandragupta was succeeded by Bindusara, his son who extended the Mauryan Empire till Mysore. Bindusara was succeeded by his son Ashoka, who is regarded as the greatest ruler of the empire by many historians. He extended the Mauryan Empire till the modern-day Afghanistan, with Patliputra as capital.

Vajii, was the capital as Vaishali, became the first kingdom to practice the democratic form of government called sangha or gana.

1. Paleolithic Age- In this period man used crude stone tools and weapons and led a nomadic life. It was also known as Old Stone Age
2. Mesolithic Age- In this age man used microlithic stone tools which were used by iding or joining them on handle or stick of wood/bamboo. In this age man started domesticating animals. It was also known as Middle stone Age.
3. Neolithic age- Man used polished stone tools, domesticated animals, used tools for agriculture and led a settled life. It was alsoknown as new Stone Age

Scrapers: Scrapers are one of the original stone tools, found everywhere where people settled, long before the Neolithic Age began.
Blades: While a scraper can be used for cutting into an animal, a longer, thinner blade can be inserted deeper into a carcass, or run along a bone, and works better for the fruits and vegetables of a settled agricultural life.
Arrows and spearheads: Arrows and spearheads are a more sophisticated shape than simple scrapers and blades.
Axes: The polished stone ax is considered one of the most important developments of the Neolithic era.

Pallava art and architecture represent an early stage of Dravidian art and architecture which blossomed to its fullest extent under the Chola Dynasty. The first stone and mortar temples of South India were constructed during Pallava rule and were based on earlier brick and timber prototypes. The long period of the Pallava rule represents both rock-cut architecture and early constructed stone temples. ... But the lasting monolithic temples known as rathas and mandapas provide superb skill of sculptors of Pallava period.

Some janapadas gained control over large areas and became mahajanapadas . A republican Mahajanapad was ruled by a group elected by the common people called the sangha.

The original name of Gautama Buddha was Siddhartha. Sidhhartha was born about 2500 years ago at Lumbini in Kapilvastu which is in modern day Nepal. He was a kshatriya nad belonged to the Sakya gana.

The Janapadaswere the major realms republics or kingdoms of Vedic (Iron Age) India from about 1200 BC to the 6th century BC, which were then divided into the sixteen classical Mahajanapadas.

The Gram Sabha functions to provide checks and balances on the working of the Gram Panchayat. During the meeting of the Gram Sabha, all the attendants have the right to raise questions if they find some wrongdoing. For example; while finalizing the BPL (Below Poverty Line) list, the Sarpanch may include the name of a rich person or exclude the name of a poor person. Similarly; funds for installing hand-pumps may not have been properly utilized.

The Ajanta Caves constitute ancient monasteries and worship-halls of different Buddhist traditions carved into a 75-metre (246 ft) wall of rock. The caves also present paintings depicting the past lives and rebirths of the Buddha, pictorial tales from Aryasura's Jatakamala, and rock-cut sculptures of Buddhist deities. Ceilings, walls and pilasters are all covered with overlapping figures, brought to life by the artists with strong and contrasting colours. The painting techniques at Ajanta are similar to European fresco technique. The primary difference is that the layer of plaster was dry when it was painted.