Read the passage given below and …

Read the passage given below and answer in your own language, the questions that follow: In the concrete jungle, the Yamuna Biodiversity Park (YBP) is like an oasis. A group of scientists is attempting to restore the original ecosystem of the Yamuna flood plains. The park stands on a plot that was almost barren until the team started the uphill task of restoration in 2002. The objective was to preserve the flora and fauna because the species were becoming extinct. However, the experts encountered several difficulties in their work. For one, the Jharoda villagers allegedly illegally occupy some part of the site. Besides, as the area was prone to water logging, the soil’s salt content was very high. To create the wetland, around 2,30,000 cubic metres of soil was dug out of the low-lying area. The extracted soil has been utilised to form mounds in the central portion of the 157-acre park. With a maximum width of about 120 metres, the 1-8 km long, horse shoe-shaped wetland surrounds these landscaped mounds. An arched bridge stands on its narrowest point. The soil was used to landscape the area in such a manner that seepage will go down into the wetland. YBP has a smaller wetland too, and CEMDE plan to create one more. A month ago, DDA allotted an additional 330 acres of “fertile” land for the second phase of the project. Lying north east of the park, the new land extends up to the river front. “There will be a series of wetlands over 80 - 100 acres of the new stretch’. “We will also create grasslands and flood plain forests, which have become extinct due to urbanisation,” says Prof. Babu, the Head of CEMDE. The vegetation will include tiger and lemon grass 90 - 200 cm high, medium grasses 45 - 90 cm in height and smaller varieties that grow 10-60 cm high. At present, about six acres are dotted with as many as 400 varieties of trees including primitive cultivars found along the Yamuna basin. Also being set up is a butterfly park that’ll have 150 species of honey-producing plants. After the wetland, one takes a peep into the medicinal garden, where scores of colourful butterflies flap over a plant. Says Prof. Babu, “Once the grassland is ready, plenty of wildlife will come here on its own.” The 500-odd-acre biodiversity spot in the making is a pilgrimage venue for science students. Delhi University colleges have been asked to visit the park. “It’s going to be a heaven for birds and a paradise for bird-lovers,” says Prof. Babu. “By creating more wetlands (more birds can be attracted), we can turn this area into a bird sanctuary.” The cormorant’s habitat is disturbed (in Delhi). And the darter is rare in Delhi because of habitat restriction. This is the first year that these birds have started nesting here. Between 3.30 - 4 p.m. the bird population goes up to over 400. Their food requirement is two-three-inch long fish, which are available here. (i) Which two difficulties did the experts face in developing Yamuna Biodiversity Park (YBP) ? (2) (ii) What has been done to check the seepage ? (2) (iii) What different varieties of vegetation are proposed in YBP ?(2) (iv) In what sense will the YBP be a pilgrimage for science students ?(2) (v) Which birds have started nesting here ? Why ? (2)

Invitation and reply

Imagine that you are the president of the literacy society of your college.your society plans to publish a journal.you have asked the secretary of the society to contact all the printing firms in town and to select one of them to print your journal.write it as a report.

Q. 2. Read the passage given below: In a very short period of time the internet has had a profound impact on the way we live. Since the Internet was made operational in 1983, it has lowere both the costs of communication and the barriers to creative expression. It has challenged old business models and enabled new ones. It has provided access to information on a scale never before achievable. It succeeded because we designed it to be flexible and open. These two features have allowed it to accommodate innovation without massive changes to its infrastructure. An open, borderless and standardized platform means that barriers to entry are low, competition is high, interoperability is assured and innovation is rapid. The beauty of an open platform is that there are no gatekeepers. For centuries, access to and creation of information was controlled by the few. The internet has changed that --and is rapidly becoming the platform for everyone, by everyone. Of course, it still has a way to go. Today there are only about 2.3 billion internet users, representing roughly 30% of the world’s population. Much of the information that they can access online is in English, but this is changing rapidly. The technological progress of the internet has also set social change in motion. As with other enabling inventions before it, from the telegraph to television, some will worry about the effects of broader access to information -- the printing press and the rise in literacy that it effected were, after all, long seen as destabilising. Similar concerns about the internet are occasionally raised, but if we take a long view, I’m confident that its benefits far outweigh the discomforts of learning to integrate it into our lives. The internet and the world wide web are what they are becauseliterally millions of people have made it so. It is a grand collaboration. It would be foolish not to acknowledge that the openness of the internet has had a price. Security is an increasingly important issue and cannot be ignored. If there is an area of vital research and development for the internet, this is one of them. I am increasingly confident, however, that techniques and practices exist to make the internet safer and more secure while retaining its essentially open quality. After working on the internet and its predecessors for over four decades, I’m more optimistic about its promise than I have ever been. We are all free to innovate on the net every day. The internet is a tool of the people, built by the people for the people and it must stay that way. (a) On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it using recognisable abbreviations (minimum four) wherever necessary. Use a format you consider appropriate. Supply a suitable title. (5 marks) (b) Write a summary of the passage in about 80 words. (3 marks)

What does mr. Lamb tell Derry about the real worth of a person

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