why were the electric pumps not …

Narrator gave his best to save his family. He pumped out the water with the help of wheel, Herb and Larry. Every wave was pushing the water into the boat from the holes so the narrator covered the holes with canvas. The problem increased when hand pumps get blocked due to floating debris and also electric pump underwent short circuit. Then narrator used two spare hand pumps and one electric pump and connected it with pipe to make the system work.

He spent whole night in pumping out the water and till morning the situation was under contro

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Optimism is a determination to overcome difficulties. It raises one’s spirits and helps one overcome stress and difficulty with ease. The story displays courage and optimism throughout. Survival happens only because of the optimistic struggle that the family carries on with.

The level of perseverance in the author rises when Jonathan says, “we’re not afraid of dying if we can all be together. Besides, the caricatures of him and Mary, drawn by Sue, helps his determination and optimism to grow many folds. The positive outlook of the children infuses positivity in the narrator. He rigorously calculates their position and finally asks Larry to steer a course of 185 degrees. Though he had lost all hope by then, he did not show it and optimistically told Larry that they would spot the island by about 5 P.M. Fortunately, their struggle and optimism pays off and they manage to find Ile Amsterdam by evening.