Five lines of monera

Kingdom Monera is considered as the most primitive group of organisms and monerans are most abundant of all. It generally comprises unicellular organisms with a prokaryotic cell organization. They lack well-defined cell structures including the nucleus and other cell organelles.

They consist of prokaryotes which include species like the Cyanobacteria, archaebacteria, mycoplasma, and bacteria are a few members of this kingdom.

The general features of Monerans are:

1. Monerans are present in both aerobic and anaerobic environment.
2. Some have rigid cell walls, while some do not.
3. The membrane-bound nucleus is absent in monerans.
4. Habitat – Monerans are found everywhere in hot or thermal springs,  in the deep ocean floor, under ice, in deserts and also inside the body of plants and animals.
5. They can be autotrophic, i.e., they can synthesize food on their own while some others have a heterotrophic, saprophytic, parasitic, symbiotic, commensalistic and mutualistic modes of nutrition.
6. Locomotion is with the help of flagella.
7. Circulation is through diffusion.