Short note of igneous rock

 Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. Igneous rock may form with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive (plutonic) rocks or on the surface as extrusive (volcanic) rocks. This magma can be derived from partial melts of existing rocks in either a planet’s mantle or crust. Typically, the melting is caused by one or more of three processes: an increase in temperature, a decrease in pressure, or a change in composition.

Igneous rocks are those rocks which have been formed by the cooling and solidification of molten natural matter of the earth.

The igneous rocks are formed when magma cools and turns into solid forms. The process of the cooling and solidification can happen in the earth's crust as well as on the surface.

Characteristics of igneous rocks are described below :

(i)These rocks do not have particles and layers.

(ii)These rocks are compact and massive.

(iii)These rocks are crystalline.

(iv)The igneous rocks are extremely hard and resistant.

(v)These rocks do not possess fossils of plants or animals.

(vi)These rocks are thermal in origin.