Explain the circular flow of income …

Circular Flow of Income in a Two-sector Economy.

Let us start with a simplified model involving two sectors, namely, household sector and firm sector, assuming that there is no Govt. We further assume that the economy is a closed one having no exports or imports. Similarly there is no saving by the households, who spend all what they earn; and no investment by the firms. Such an economy has two types of markets — Product market and Factor market. Under these presumptions the firm sector hires factor services from households, who are owners of factors of production (land, labour, capital and enterprise), for producing goods and services and pays them remuneration (or compensation) in the form of money for rendering the productive services. For the factors of production, these are factor incomes known as rent, wages, interest and profit which have been generated in the production process. Thus money income flows from firm sector to the households. With this money the households purchase from the firms, manufactured goods and services to satisfy their wants with the result, the same money flows back from households to the firm sector. Thus entire income of economy comes back to firms in the form of sales revenue. Clearly one man's (or sector's) expenditure is other man's (or sector's) income.