1) Momentum is defined as the quantity of motion of the body. It is measured by mass×velocity, as momentum depends upon velocity, and it depends on the direction of the motion of the body as well. Momentum is a vector quantity since velocity is vector while mass is scalar.
Momentum = Mass X Velocity
p = mv
2. There are five basic laws of chemical combination that govern the chemical combinations of elements:
1. Law of Conservation of Mass
In simple terms, this law states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed. In other words, the total mass, that is, the sum of the mass of reacting mixture and the products formed remains constant.
2. Law of Definite Proportions
Joseph Proust, a French chemist stated that the proportion of elements by weight in a given compound will always remain exactly the same.
3. Law of Multiple Proportions
This law states that if two elements combine to form more than one compound, the masses of these elements in the reaction are in the ratio of small whole numbers. This law was given by Dalton in the year 1803.
4. Gay Lussac’s Law of Gaseous Volumes
In 1808, Gay Lussac gave this law based on his observations. This law states that when gases are produced or combine in a chemical reaction, they do so in a simple ratio by volume given that all the gases are at the same temperature and pressure.
5. Avogadro’s Law
Avogadro proposed this law in the year 1811. It stated that under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, an equal volume of all the gases contains an equal number of molecules. This implies that 2 litres of hydrogen will have the same number of molecules as 2 litres of oxygen given that both the gases are at the same temperature and pressure.
Yogita Ingle 4 years ago
1) Momentum is defined as the quantity of motion of the body. It is measured by mass×velocity, as momentum depends upon velocity, and it depends on the direction of the motion of the body as well. Momentum is a vector quantity since velocity is vector while mass is scalar.
Momentum = Mass X Velocity
p = mv
2. There are five basic laws of chemical combination that govern the chemical combinations of elements:
1. Law of Conservation of Mass
In simple terms, this law states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed. In other words, the total mass, that is, the sum of the mass of reacting mixture and the products formed remains constant.
2. Law of Definite Proportions
Joseph Proust, a French chemist stated that the proportion of elements by weight in a given compound will always remain exactly the same.
3. Law of Multiple Proportions
This law states that if two elements combine to form more than one compound, the masses of these elements in the reaction are in the ratio of small whole numbers. This law was given by Dalton in the year 1803.
4. Gay Lussac’s Law of Gaseous Volumes
In 1808, Gay Lussac gave this law based on his observations. This law states that when gases are produced or combine in a chemical reaction, they do so in a simple ratio by volume given that all the gases are at the same temperature and pressure.
5. Avogadro’s Law
Avogadro proposed this law in the year 1811. It stated that under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, an equal volume of all the gases contains an equal number of molecules. This implies that 2 litres of hydrogen will have the same number of molecules as 2 litres of oxygen given that both the gases are at the same temperature and pressure.
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