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Can you explain chapter diversity

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Can you explain chapter diversity

    • Posted by Sayema :) 4 years, 4 months ago

    CBSE > Class 09 > Science
    • 1 answers

    Meghna Thapar 4 years, 4 months ago

    • Every living organism is unique and this uniqueness is the basis of the vast diversity displayed by the organisms in our world.

     

    • Different characteristics are used to determine the hierarchy of classification.

     

    • Charles Darwin first described the idea of evolution in 1859 in his book, The Origin of Species.

     

    • Prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell organization is the primary characteristic of classification, since this feature influences every detail of cell design and capacity to undertake specialized functions.

     

    •  The evolution of organisms greatly determines their classification.

     

    • Older organisms are also referred to as 'primitive or lower organisms' whereas the younger organisms are also referred to as 'advanced or higher organisms'.

     

    • The diversity of life forms found in a region is biodiversity.

     

    • Aristotle classified organisms depending on their habitat.

     

    •  Robert Whittaker proposed the five-kingdom scheme of classification, based on the cell structure, nutrition and body organization of the organisms.

     

    • The five kingdoms proposed by Whittaker are Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia. Carl Woese further divided Monera into Archaebacteria and Eubacteria.

     

    • Prokaryotic one-celled organisms such as bacteria, cyanobacteria and mycoplasma are included in Monera.

     

    • Lichens are symbiotic associations of certain fungi with blue green algae.

     

    • The important divisions of Plantae are Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae and Angiospermae.

     

    • Thallophytes, Bryophytes and Pteridophytes possess inconspicuous reproductive organs and are called Cryptogams. Gymnosperms and Angiosperms are grouped under Phanerogamae, since they possess well-differentiated, seed producing reproductive tissues.

     

    • Bryophytes, such as moss and <i>Riccia</i>, show differentiated plant body lacking true vascular tissues.

     

    • Monocotyledon plants possess seeds with single cotyledon whereas dicots are plants with two cotyledons in the seeds.

     

    • Organisms grouped under Animalia are eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophic and lack cell wall.

     

    • Vertebrates and Protochordates are grouped under Chordata.

     

    • The five classes of vertebrates are Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves and Mammalia.
    • The system of scientific naming or nomenclature we use today was introduced by Carolus Linnaeus in the eighteenth century.

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